Demonstration of the Existence of Canine Prostatic Lymphatics by Radioisotope Techniques

Menon, M. P. S.; Menon, S.; Strauss, H. William; Catàlona, William J.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)57972-0

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Zunächst wurde dabei angenommen, dass die fehlende Darstellung von Lymphknoten für das Vorhandensein von Lymphknotenmetastasen spricht. Menon et al [23] konnten erstmals die bis dahin umstrittene Existenz von intraprostatischen Lymphbahnen mittels szintigraphischer Studien an Hunden zeigen, bei welchen der Tracer über einen transvesikalen Zugang intraprostatisch injiziert wurde. Diese Ergebnisse wurden von Kaplan et al bestätigt [24], wobei erstmals eine transrektale intraprostatische Injektion mit anschließend erfolgreicher Lymphszintigraphie durchgeführt wurde.…”

Section: Sentinel-konzept Beim Prostatakarzinomunclassified

Magnetische Detektion von Sentinel-Lymphknoten beim Prostatakarzinom nach intraprostatischer Injektion von superparamagnetischen Eisenoxid-Nanopartikeln

et al. 2017

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In prostate cancer, reliable information about the lymph node status is of great importance for accurate staging and the optimal planning of treatment. Despite recent advances in imaging, the histological detection of metastases, or pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND), continues to be the most reliable method for lymph node staging in clinically localised prostate cancer, especially as this procedure enables the detection of small or micrometastases. Radioisotope-guided sentinel PLND (sPLND) demonstrates high sensitivity in the detection of lymph node metastases as well as low morbidity in prostate cancer because of the targeted removal of a relatively small number of lymph nodes. However, radioactive labelling is associated with limitations such as strict legal regulations, the need for a nuclear medicine department and the radioactive exposure of patients and medical staff. In order to take advantage of the targeted sentinel method while avoiding the disadvantages of radioactive labelling, the identification of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) by means of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) was studied in breast carcinoma, and its non-inferiority compared with the established procedure with technetium nanocolloid was demonstrated. Just like the radioactive identification of SLNs, this innovative new method for magnetic labelling and the intraoperative identification of SLNs using a hand-held magnetometer were successfully transferred to prostate cancer. Initial studies demonstrated high sensitivity in the detection of lymph node-positive patients. This method offers the additional advantage of being safe and easy to perform for a single urologist. In addition, the visualisation of SPION-marked SLNs through magnetic resonance tomography enables a precise preoperative SLN identification comparable to lymphoscintigraphy in the radioactive approach. Therefore, SLNs can be identified before and during surgical procedures in prostate cancer patients without exposure to irradiation.

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Section: Sentinel-konzept Beim Prostatakarzinomunclassified

Magnetische Detektion von Sentinel-Lymphknoten beim Prostatakarzinom nach intraprostatischer Injektion von superparamagnetischen Eisenoxid-Nanopartikeln

et al. 2017

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“…Lymphatic drainage of the prostate gland in experimental animals such as the canine has not been reported until now. Menon et al [13] injected 1 9 8 A~ into the prostate gland to identify the prostatic lymph nodes, but did not demonstrate its lymphatic drainage. The present study revealed 3 directions of lymphatic drainage in the prostate gland, the external iliac, internal iliac, and posterior types, although the localization of the internal iliac and presacral lymph nodes in the canine was different from that in the human.…”

Section: Connolly Et Al [I I] Investigated the Intraprostatic Lymphamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphatic drainage of the prostate gland in canines

et al. 1992

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Lymphography of the penis was performed in 3 canines, and direct intraprostatic injection of India ink was carried out in 8 canines to visualize lymphatic drainage of the prostate gland. In penile lymphography, the contrast medium drained in 2 directions: (1) lymphatic drainage into the external and common iliac lymph nodes through the superficial inguinal lymph nodes; (2) lymphatic drainage into the presacral lymph nodes along the urethra and posterior wall of the pelvis. Lymphatics of the prostate gland drained in 3 directions: (1) lymphatics from the prostate gland mainly drained along the prostatic and internal iliac vessels into the internal and common iliac lymph nodes, (2) lymphatics from the dorsal region near the urinary bladder drained along the ureter into the common iliac lymph nodes, and (3) lymphatics from the apex of the prostate gland drained along the posterior wall of the pelvis into the presacral lymph nodes. Prostate cancer developed at the apex is estimated to preferentially metastasize to the presacral lymph nodes, and drug injection into the penile lymphatics is considered to be a good route to treat metastases of lymph nodes in the pelvis.

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“…There has been disagreement about the existence of lymphatics in the human prostatic parenchyma. Menon et al (1977) injected Ig8Au colloid into the dog prostate through an open bladder and showed the regional lymph nodes. Similarly, Shridhar (1979), using a range of techniques, demonstrated lymphatics in the prostate of dog and man.…”

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Improved Techniques in Radionuclide Imaging of Prostatic Lymph Nodes

Gardiner

Fitzpatrick

Constable

et al. 1979

British Journal of Urology

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Further improvements have been made in the technique of human prostatic lymphoscintigraphy, allowing better anatomical localisation of the areas of uptake of activity. A single median injection into the capsule of 99mTc labelled antimony sulphide colloid has been found to give as good imaging as 2 injections on either side of the midline. By placing markers on the umbilicus, pubic symphysis and both anterior superior iliac spines, a "pelvic grid" can be superimposed on the antero-posterior view. Further help with accurate localisation may be attained by taking 3 views; antero-posterior, postero-anterior and lateral, in 9 instances, prostatic injection was performed without any sedation or anaesthesia. The resulting scintigrams were indistinguishable in quality from those of anaesthetised patients.

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Demonstration of the Existence of Canine Prostatic Lymphatics by Radioisotope Techniques

Cited by 21 publications

References 5 publications

Magnetische Detektion von Sentinel-Lymphknoten beim Prostatakarzinom nach intraprostatischer Injektion von superparamagnetischen Eisenoxid-Nanopartikeln

Magnetische Detektion von Sentinel-Lymphknoten beim Prostatakarzinom nach intraprostatischer Injektion von superparamagnetischen Eisenoxid-Nanopartikeln

Lymphatic drainage of the prostate gland in canines

Improved Techniques in Radionuclide Imaging of Prostatic Lymph Nodes

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