Demonstration of nerve fibers containing the C-terminal flanking peptide of neuropeptide Y (CPON) in the pig pineal gland (Sus domesticus): An immunocytochemical study by light and electron microscopy

Przybylska‐Gornowicz, Barbara; Lewczuk, Bogdan; Møller, Morten Hylander

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0185(199708)248:4<576::aid-ar9>3.0.co;2-j

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Conventional electron microscopic studies demonstrate the presence of synapses between presumptive sympathetic nerve endings and pinealocytes in some non-rodents; such synapses occur occasionally in the monkey (Ling et al, 1989(Ling et al, , 1990 and frequently in the tree shrew (Hwang, 1982). Synaptic-like junctions have recently been observed immunoelectron microscopically between nerve fibers immunoreactive for C-terminal flanking peptide of NPY and pinealocytes in the pig (Przybylska-Gornowicz et al, 1997). Synaptic nerve terminals mentioned above can not always be identified as sympathetic nerve endings, because the pineal gland of non-rodents is also innervated, to some extent, by TH/NPY-positive, non-sympathetic fibers.…”

Section: Relationships Between the Peripheral Fibers And Their Endingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptidergic peripheral nervous systems in the mammalian pineal gland

Miyake¹,

Sakai²,

Hira³

1999

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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The distribution and density of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and neuropeptide Y (NPY)-immunoreactive, sympathetic fibers and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-, substance P (SP)-, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunoreactive, non-sympathetic fibers in the pineal gland, the effects of superior cervical ganglionectomy (SCGX) on these fibers, and the location of their terminals in the pineal gland were compared between rodents and non-rodents. A dense network of TH/NPY-positive fibers is present all over the pineal gland. A less dense network of CGRP/SP- or VIP-positive fibers occurs in the whole pineal gland of non-rodents, but these fibers are usually confined to the superficial pineal gland in rodents. After SCGX, some TH/NPY-fibers remain only in the deep pineal gland in rodents, whereas considerable numbers of these fibers persist throughout the gland in non-rodents. Thus, the remaining fibers, probably originating from the brain, may be more numerous in non-rodents. Since CGRP-, SP- or VIP-immunoreactive fibers in the pineal capsule can be traced to those in the gland, and since these fibers are ensheathed by Schwann cells, it is concluded that these fibers belong to the peripheral nervous system. However, the existence of SP-positive central fibers cannot be denied in some species. In the superficial pineal gland of rodents, sympathetic terminals are mostly localized in perivascular spaces, whereas the parenchymal innervation by sympathetic fibers in the pineal gland is more dense in non-rodents than in rodents. Synapses between sympathetic nerve terminals and pinealocytes occur occasionally in non-rodents, but only rarely in the superficial pineal gland of rodents. The occurrence of the synapses may depend on the frequency of intraparenchymal sympathetic terminals.

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Section: Relationships Between the Peripheral Fibers And Their Endingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptidergic peripheral nervous systems in the mammalian pineal gland

Miyake¹,

Sakai²,

Hira³

1999

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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“…The study of C-terminal flanking peptide of neuropeptide Y (CPON), which is one of the three peptides formed by the proteolytic cleavage of the preproNPY molecule, showed the presence of dense network of CPON-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the pig pineal gland. The distribution pattern of these fibers is similar to the NPY-positive fibers localization (Przybylska-Gornowicz et al 1997). It also should be noted, that besides the numerous sympathetic nerve fibers, the pig pineal gland also contains the moderate number of fibers showing immunereactivity to somatostatin (Przybylska-Gornowicz et al 2000a), substance P (Przybylska-Gornowicz et al 2000b) as well as vasoactive intestinal peptide and peptide histidine isoleucine (Nowicki et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Neuropeptide Y as a presynaptic modulator of norepinephrine release from the sympathetic nerve fibers in the pig pineal gland

Ziółkowska¹,

Lewczuk²,

Przybylska‐Gornowicz³

2015

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Norepinephrine (NE) released from the sympathetic nerve endings is the main neurotransmitter controlling melatonin synthesis in the mammalian pineal gland. Although neuropeptide Y (NPY) co-exists with NE in the pineal sympathetic nerve fibers it also occurs in a population of non-adrenergic nerve fibers located in this gland. The role of NPY in pineal physiology is still enigmatic. The present study characterizes the effect of NPY on the depolarization-evoked 3 H-NE release from the pig pineal explants.The explants of the pig pineal gland were loaded with 3 H-NE in the presence of pargyline and superfused with Tyrode medium. They were exposed twice to the modified Tyrode medium containing 60 mM of K + to evoke the 3 H-NE release via depolarization. NPY, specific agonists of Y 1 -and Y 2 -receptors and pharmacologically active ligands of α 2 -adrenoceptors were added to the medium before and during the second depolarization. The radioactivity was measured in medium fractions collected every 2 minutes during the superfusion. NPY (0.1 -10 μM) significantly decreased the depolarization-induced 3 H-NE release. Similar effect was observed after the treatment with Y 2 -agonist: NPY 13-36 , but not with Y 1 -agonist: [Leu 31 ,Pro 34 ]-NPY. The tritium overflow was lower in the explants exposed to the 5 μM NPY and 1 μM rauwolscine than to rauwolscine only. The effects of 5 μM NPY and 0.05 μM UK 14,304 on the depolarization-evoked 3 H-NE release were additive.The results show that NPY is involved in the regulation of NE release from the sympathetic terminals in the pig pineal gland, inhibiting this process via Y 2 -receptors.

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“…The NPYergic innervation of the mammalian pineal has later been confirmed in numerous mammalian species, for example, cotton rat [14], Golden hamster [15], European hamster [16], guinea pig [17], gerbil [13], mink [18], chinchilla [19], tree shrew [20], brown bat [21], sheep [22, 23], cat [24], pig [25, 26], cow [27, 28], and monkey [29]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropeptide Y in the Adult and Fetal Human Pineal Gland

Møller

Phansuwan‐Pujito

Badiu³

2014

BioMed Research International

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Neuropeptide Y was isolated from the porcine brain in 1982 and shown to be colocalized with noradrenaline in sympathetic nerve terminals. The peptide has been demonstrated to be present in sympathetic nerve fibers innervating the pineal gland in many mammalian species. In this investigation, we show by use of immunohistochemistry that neuropeptide Y is present in nerve fibers of the adult human pineal gland. The fibers are classical neuropeptidergic fibers endowed with large boutons en passage and primarily located in a perifollicular position with some fibers entering the pineal parenchyma inside the follicle. The distance from the immunoreactive terminals to the pinealocytes indicates a modulatory function of neuropeptide Y for pineal physiology. Some of the immunoreactive fibers might originate from neurons located in the brain and be a part of the central innervation of the pineal gland. In a series of human fetuses, neuropeptide Y-containing nerve fibers was present and could be detected as early as in the pineal of four- to five-month-old fetuses. This early innervation of the human pineal is different from most rodents, where the innervation starts postnatally.

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Demonstration of nerve fibers containing the C-terminal flanking peptide of neuropeptide Y (CPON) in the pig pineal gland (Sus domesticus): An immunocytochemical study by light and electron microscopy

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Peptidergic peripheral nervous systems in the mammalian pineal gland

Peptidergic peripheral nervous systems in the mammalian pineal gland

Neuropeptide Y as a presynaptic modulator of norepinephrine release from the sympathetic nerve fibers in the pig pineal gland

Neuropeptide Y in the Adult and Fetal Human Pineal Gland

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