Demonstration of Li target facility in IFMIF/EVEDA project: Li target stability in continuous operation of entire system

Kondo, Hiroo; Kanemura, Takuji; Furukawa, Tomohiro; Hirakawa, Yasushi; Wakai, Eiichi; Knaster, J.

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.09.016

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Beryllium can be used as a static target with or without beam rasterring [22,23,24], or in a rotating configuration [25]. Lithium can be solid for relatively low power [26,27] or flowing liquid for high power, with or without a window [28,29,30,31,32].…”

Section: Windowless Jet Liquid Lithium Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Soreq Applied Research Accelerator Facility (SARAF): Overview, research programs and future plans

Mardor¹,

Aviv²,

Avrigeanu³

et al. 2018

Eur. Phys. J. A

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The Soreq Applied Research Accelerator Facility (SARAF) is under construction in the Soreq Nuclear Research Center at Yavne, Israel. When completed at the beginning of the next decade, SARAF will be a user facility for basic and applied nuclear physics, based on a 40 MeV, 5 mA CW proton/deuteron superconducting linear accelerator. Phase I of SARAF (SARAF-I, 4 MeV, 2mA CW protons, 5 MeV 1mA CW deuterons) is already in operation, generating scientific results in several fields of interest. The main ongoing program at SARAF-I is the production of 30 keV neutrons and measurement of Maxwellian Averaged Cross Sections (MACS), important for the astrophysical s-process. The world leading Maxwellian epithermal neutron yield at SARAF-I (5×10 10 epithermal neutrons/sec), generated by a novel Liquid-Lithium Target (LiLiT), enables improved precision of known MACSs, and new measurements of lowabundance and radioactive isotopes. Research plans for SARAF-II span several disciplines: Precision studies of beyond-Standard-Model effects by trapping light exotic radioisotopes, such as 6 He, 8 Li and 18,19,23 Ne, in unprecedented amounts (including meaningful studies already at SARAF-I); extended nuclear astrophysics research with higher energy neutrons, including generation and studies of exotic neutron-rich isotopes relevant to the rapid (r-) process; nuclear structure of exotic isotopes; high energy neutron cross sections for basic nuclear physics and material science research, including neutron induced radiation damage; neutron based imaging and therapy; and novel radiopharmaceuticals development and production.

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Section: Windowless Jet Liquid Lithium Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Soreq Applied Research Accelerator Facility (SARAF): Overview, research programs and future plans

Mardor¹,

Aviv²,

Avrigeanu³

et al. 2018

Eur. Phys. J. A

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“…The ELTL holds 5 m 3 (to be compared with the 9 m 3 expected in the IFMIF) and is able to generate a flow rate of 3000 l min −1 , which can produce a flow velocity up to 20 m s −1 in the TA. It can operate at Ar pressure and in a vacuum condition of 10 −3 Pa [83]. The TA is installed on the third floor inside an air-tight vessel, which is filled with Ar as backing gas during operation.…”

Section: Long-term Stable Operation Of the LI Jet Beam Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the IFMIF/EVEDA project

Knaster¹,

Garin

Matsumoto

et al. 2017

Nucl. Fusion

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IFMIF, the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility, is presently in its engineering validation and engineering design activities (EVEDA) phase under the Broader Approach Agreement. The engineering design activity (EDA) phase was successfully accomplished within the allocated time. The engineering validation activity (EVA) phase has focused on validating the Accelerator Facility (AF), the Target Facility and the Test Facility (TF) by constructing prototypes. The ELTL at JAEA, Oarai successfully demonstrated the long-term stability of a Li flow under the IFMIF’s nominal operational conditions keeping the specified free-surface fluctuations below ±1 mm in a continuous manner for 25 d. A full-scale prototype of the high flux test module (HFTM) was successfully tested in the HELOKA loop (KIT, Karlsruhe), where it was demonstrated that the irradiation temperature can be set individually and kept uniform. LIPAc, designed and constructed in European labs under the coordination of F4E, presently under installation and commissioning in the Rokkasho Fusion Institute, aims at validating the concept of IFMIF accelerators with a D+ beam of 125 mA continuous wave (CW) and 9 MeV. The commissioning phases of the H+/D+ beams at 100 keV are progressing and should be concluded in 2017; in turn, the commissioning of the 5 MeV beam is due to start during 2017. The D+ beam through the superconducting cavities is expected to be achieved within the Broader Approach Agreement time frame with the superconducting cryomodule being assembled in Rokkasho. The realisation of a fusion-relevant neutron source is a necessary step for the successful development of fusion. The ongoing success of the IFMIF/EVEDA involves ruling out concerns about potential technical showstoppers which were raised in the past. Thus, a situation has emerged where soon steps towards constructing a Li(d,xn) fusion-relevant neutron source could be taken, which is also justified in the light of costs which are marginal to those of a fusion plant.

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“…A total of six test campaigns were carried out until the final validation phase ended in October 2014. Any serious flaws or malfunctions that could have forced us to suspend validation activities did not occur over the entire validation period, although it was discovered that cavitation had occurred in the downstream conduit of the Li target, which prompted a design change for the subject conduit analog in the IFMIF [6,17].…”

Section: Results Of the Stability Of The LI Target Over A Long Time P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knaster 3 operating under normal conditions (target speed: 15 m s −1 ; inlet Li temperature: 250 °C; and vacuum pressure: 10 −3 Pa). In the IFMIF/EVEDA project, we designed and constructed the ELTL [3,4] and we performed experiments to validate the stability of the Li target [5][6][7]. The ELTL can produce a Li jet 25 mm thick (i.e.…”

Section: Nuclear Fusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of liquid lithium target stability for an intense neutron source

et al. 2017

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This paper reports on validation results for the stability of a liquid lithium (Li) target intended for use as an intense fusion neutron source such as for the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF), an advanced fusion neutron source (A-FNS), and a demonstration fusion power plant (DEMO)-oriented neutron source (DONES). The variation in the thickness of a Li target must be suppressed to within ±1 mm inside a deuteron beam footprint to both maintain the integrity of the Li target and guarantee the desired level of neutron flux. We achieved a stable Li target with an average thickness variation of just 0.17 mm inside the beam footprint under standard IFMIF operating conditions (target speed: 15 m s −1 ; vacuum pressure: 10 −3 Pa; and Li temperature: 250 °C). Moreover, the mean and maximum wave amplitudes at the beam center under such conditions were found to be 0.26 mm and 1.46 mm, respectively; these are small enough to satisfy operational requirements. Finally, it was determined that the stability of the Li target remained unchanged despite using it for an extended period of 1561 h. This finding is regarded as a significant step toward the realization of the IFMIF and the potential use of relevant neutron sources such as A-FNS and DONES.

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Demonstration of Li target facility in IFMIF/EVEDA project: Li target stability in continuous operation of entire system

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

The Soreq Applied Research Accelerator Facility (SARAF): Overview, research programs and future plans

The Soreq Applied Research Accelerator Facility (SARAF): Overview, research programs and future plans

Overview of the IFMIF/EVEDA project

Validation of liquid lithium target stability for an intense neutron source

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