Demonstration of entanglement assisted invariance on IBM's quantum experience

Deffner, Sebastian

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00444

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…1 and Fig. 2, and there are now several experiments [28][29][30][31] that test some of the tenets of the derivation we are about to present.…”

Section: Probabilities From Entanglementmentioning

confidence: 94%

Eliminating ensembles from equilibrium statistical physics: Maxwell’s demon, Szilard’s engine, and thermodynamics via entanglement

Zurek

2018

Physics Reports

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A system in equilibrium does not evolve -time independence is its telltale characteristic. However, in Newtonian physics the microstate of an individual system (a point in its phase space) evolves incessantly in accord with its equations of motion. Ensembles were introduced in XIX century to bridge that chasm between continuous motion of phase space points in Newtonian dynamics and stasis of thermodynamics: While states of individual classical systems inevitably evolve, a phase space distribution of such states -an ensemble -can be time-independent. I show that entanglement (e.g., with the environment) can yield a time-independent equilibrium in an individual quantum system. This allows one to eliminate ensembles -an awkward stratagem introduced to reconcile thermodynamics with Newtonian mechanics -and use an individual system interacting and therefore entangled with its heat bath to represent equilibrium and to elucidate the role of information and measurements in physics. Thus, in our quantum Universe one can practice statistical physics without ensembles -hence, in a sense, without statistics. The elimination of ensembles uses ideas that led to the recent derivation of Born's rule from the symmetries of entanglement, and I start with a review of that derivation. I then review and discuss difficulties related to the reliance on ensembles and illustrate the need for ensembles with the classical Szilard's engine. A similar quantum engine -a single system interacting with the thermal heat bath environment -is enough to establish thermodynamics. The role of Maxwell's demon (which in this quantum context resembles Wigner's friend) is also discussed.

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“…1 and Fig. 2, and there are now several experiments [28][29][30][31] that test some of the tenets of the derivation we are about to present.…”

Section: Probabilities From Entanglementmentioning

confidence: 94%

Eliminating ensembles from equilibrium statistical physics: Maxwell’s demon, Szilard’s engine, and thermodynamics via entanglement

Zurek

2018

Physics Reports

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“…IBM has made its five-qubit quantum processors 'ibmqx2', 'ibmqx4' and 16-qubit processor 'ibmqx5', as an open access resource [63] for the public to test and verify various theoretical protocols. Many groups were able to test various quantum computational tasks like quantum arXiv:1807.03219v1 [quant-ph] 9 Jul 2018 teleportation [64,65], violation of Mermin inequalities [66], verification of entropic uncertainity relations [67], quantum error correction [68][69][70][71], quantum cheque [72,73], non-destructive discrimination of Bell states [74], designing fault tolerant quantum circuits [75], homomorphic encryption experiments [76], non-Abelian braiding of surface code defects [77], approximate quantum adders [78], entanglement assisted invariance [79], simulating ising interaction [80], comparison or quantum computing architectures [81] to name a few.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of quantum secret sharing and quantum binary voting protocol in the IBM quantum computer

Joy

Sabir

Behera

et al. 2019

Quantum Inf Process

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Quantum secret sharing is a way to share secret messages amongst a number of clients in a group with unconditional security. For the first time, Hillery et al. [Phys. Rev. A 59, 1829] proposed the quantum version of classical secret sharing protocol using GHZ states. Here, we implement this quantum secret sharing protocol in IBM 5-qubit quantum processor 'ibmqx4' and compare the experimentally obtained results with the theoretically predicted ones. The results are analyzed through quantum state tomography technique and the fidelity of these states were calculated for different number of executions made in the device. It is concluded that the experimental results match with the theoretical values with a high fidelity.

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“…Born's rule, introduced by textbooks as postulate (v), follows. We also note that envariance has been successfully tested in several recent experiments [53][54][55][56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum theory of the classical: quantum jumps, Born’s Rule and objective classical reality via quantum Darwinism

Zurek¹

2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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The emergence of the classical world from the quantum substrate of our Universe is a long-standing conundrum. In this paper, I describe three insights into the transition from quantum to classical that are based on the recognition of the role of the environment. I begin with the derivation of preferred sets of states that help to define what exists-our everyday classical reality. They emerge as a result of the breaking of the unitary symmetry of the Hilbert space which happens when the unitarity of quantum evolutions encounters nonlinearities inherent in the process of amplification-of replicating information. This derivation is accomplished without the usual tools of decoherence, and accounts for the appearance of quantum jumps and the emergence of preferred consistent with those obtained via environment-induced superselection, or The pointer states obtained in this way determine what can happen-define events-without appealing to Born's Rule for probabilities. Therefore, =| | can now be deduced from the entanglement-assisted invariance, or -a symmetry of entangled quantum states. With probabilities at hand, one also gains new insights into the foundations of quantum statistical physics. Moreover, one can now analyse the information flows responsible for decoherence. These information flows explain how the perception of objective classical reality arises from the quantum substrate: the effective amplification that they represent accounts for the objective existence of the einselected states of macroscopic quantum systems through the redundancy of pointer state records in their environment-throughThis article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Foundations of quantum mechanics and their impact on contemporary society'.

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Demonstration of entanglement assisted invariance on IBM's quantum experience

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Eliminating ensembles from equilibrium statistical physics: Maxwell’s demon, Szilard’s engine, and thermodynamics via entanglement

Eliminating ensembles from equilibrium statistical physics: Maxwell’s demon, Szilard’s engine, and thermodynamics via entanglement

Implementation of quantum secret sharing and quantum binary voting protocol in the IBM quantum computer

Quantum theory of the classical: quantum jumps, Born’s Rule and objective classical reality via quantum Darwinism

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