Demonstration of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering Using Hybrid Continuous- and Discrete-Variable Entanglement of Light

Cavaillès, Adrien; Jeannic, Hanna Le; Raskop, Jeremy; Guccione, Giovanni; Markham, Damian; Diamanti, Eleni; Shaw, Matthew D.; Verma, Varun B.; Nam, Sae Woo; Laurat, Julien

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.121.170403

Cited by 55 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The only condition is that Alice should trust her own setup. Motivated by these practical applications, EPR steering has been demonstrated in a range of experiments [28][29][30][31][32][33]. Our current results introduce the remote generation of Wigner-negativity as a new application of EPR steering, which is achievable with state-of-the-art experimental techniques.Our manuscript is organised as follows: First we present a general derivation for the condition for remote preparation of Wigner negativity through photon subtraction, where we show that EPR steering is necessary.…”

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confidence: 73%

Remote Generation of Wigner Negativity through Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering

Walschaers

Treps

2020

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Negativity of the Wigner function is seen as a crucial resource for reaching a quantum computational advantage with continuous variable systems. However, these systems, while they allow for the deterministic generation of large entangle states, require an extra element such as photon subtraction to obtain such negativity. Photon subtraction is known to affect modes beyond the one where the photon is subtracted, an effect which is governed by the correlations of the state. In this manuscript, we build upon this effect to remotely prepare states with Wigner-negativity. More specifically, we show that photon subtraction can induce Wigner-negativity in a correlated mode if and only if that correlated mode can perform Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in the mode of subtraction.Manipulating networks is at the heart of information processing and communication. Hence, the growing interest in a quantum internet [1, 2] is a logical step in the developments of quantum technologies. The key idea of such a quantum network, be it for communication or for distributed computation, is to connect a large number of nodes via quantum entanglement [3,4]. A platform that is particularly promising for such applications is continuous-variable quantum optics, where large entangled graph states can be deterministically produced [5][6][7][8][9]. Even though this allows us to produce intricate quantum networks, the resulting Gaussian quantum states still have a positive Wigner function.Negativity of the Wigner function has been identified as a necessary ingredient for implementing processes that cannot be simulated efficiently with classical resources [10,11], and is therefore an essential resource [12,13] to achieve a quantum advantage. In networked quantum technologies it is, thus, crucial to generate and distribute Wigner-negativity in the nodes of a quantum network. In this spirit we focus here on the remote generation of Wigner-negativity, such that operations in one node of a quantum network create negativity in the Wigner function of another node while upholding the entanglement in the quantum network.Photon subtraction [14-16] is a natural candidate for such operation. In previous work, we showed that the subtraction of a photon causes an interplay between correlations and non-Gaussian features [17]. In the specific case of graph states, it was shown that non-Gaussian properties, induced by photon subtraction, propagate through the system [18,19], however it is far from clear whether this mediated non-Gaussianity has quantum features (see also [20]). Hence, here we turn the question around, and ask what type of correlations are required to remotely generate negativity of the Wigner function through photon subtraction. We show that Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering [21-25] is a necessary and sufficient condition.In its essence, EPR steering focusses on the the structure of conditional quantum probabilities: when Alice and Bob share a quantum state, Bob can perform measurements on his part of the state and Alice can condition her...

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confidence: 73%

Remote Generation of Wigner Negativity through Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering

Walschaers

Treps

2020

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…Such a hybrid entangled state has been demonstrated to have applications in quantum control, specifically for the remote preparation of a CV qubit using a local DV mode 7,9‐11 . In quantum communications, hybrid entangled states can lead to the violation of the steering inequality, 12 thus generating a positive key rate for the one‐sided device‐independent Quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol 13 . Impressively, the hybrid entangled state can be used to distribute secret keys over 1000 km of optical fiber via the coherent‐state‐based twin‐field QKD protocol 14‐16 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite‐based distribution of hybrid entanglement

Malaney

Green

2021

Quantum Engineering

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Heterogeneousquantum networks consisting of mixed‐technologies—continuous variable (CV) and discrete variable (DV)—will become ubiquitous as global quantum communication matures. Hybrid quantum‐entanglement between CV and DV modes will be a critical resource in such networks. A leading candidate for such hybrid quantum entanglement is that between Schrödinger‐cat states and photon‐number states. In this work, we explore, for the first time, the use of two‐mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) states, distributed from satellites, as a teleportation resource for the redistribution of our candidate hybrid entanglement prestored within terrestrial quantum networks. We determine the loss conditions under which teleportation via the TMSV resource outperforms direct‐satellite distribution of the hybrid entanglement, in addition to quantifying the advantage of teleporting the DV mode relative to the CV mode. Our detailed calculations show that under the loss conditions anticipated from low‐Earth‐orbit, DV teleportation via the TMSV resource will always provide for significantly improved outcomes, relative to other means for distributing hybrid entanglement within heterogeneous quantum networks.

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“…For optical modes, decomposition can be typically done by first expressing an interaction as a sequence of ladder operatorsâ andˆ † a [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Recently, non-Gaussian quantum states and operations conditionally achieved by photon subtractions and additions have been proposed to achieve noiseless amplifier [11,12], entangle macroscopic states [13] to apply them in teleportation [14][15][16], remote state preparation [17] and quantum steering [18,19]. A conditional superposition of ladder operators can experimentally emulate nonlinearity for weak states of light [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples are quantum teleportation of a DV using CV protocol [14] or the teleportation of CV qubit to qubit [15], quantum repeater using hybrid protocol [76] or building on-chip integrated circuits [77]. Hybrid optical states have been generated experimentally to entangle the DV and CV [16][17][18][19][78][79][80][81][82][83][84]. Therefore, a natural question arises about whether and up to what extent we can induce the nonlinear effects of RI all-optically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Rabi interactions with traveling states of light

2020

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Keywords: quantum non-Gaussian states of light, quantum optics with photon addition and subtraction, hybrid discrete-continuousvariable quantum information, measurement-induced quantum operations Abstract Hybrid interactions between light and two-level systems and their nonlinear nature are crucial components of advanced quantum information processing and quantum networks. Rabi interaction (RI) exhibits the hybrid nonlinear nature, but its implementation is challenging at optical frequencies where the rotating wave approximation (RWA) is valid. Here, we propose a setup to conditionally induce RI between discrete variable and continuous variable of traveling beams of light. We show that our scheme can generate RI on weak states of light, where signatures of the nonlinear quantum effects are preserved for typical experimental losses. These results prove that a hybrid RI can be realized in all-optical setups, and open a way to experimental investigations of nonlinear quantum optics beyond RWA.

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Demonstration of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering Using Hybrid Continuous- and Discrete-Variable Entanglement of Light

Cited by 55 publications

References 47 publications

Remote Generation of Wigner Negativity through Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering

Remote Generation of Wigner Negativity through Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering

Satellite‐based distribution of hybrid entanglement

Hybrid Rabi interactions with traveling states of light

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