Demonstration of an Unusual Thermal Effect in the Casimir Force from Graphene

Liu, Mingyue; Zhang, Yuanzhong; Mostepanenko, V. M.; Mohideen, U.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.126.206802

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In this connection it is also worth noting the recent works where the dissipation properties in graphene are described on the basis of the first principles of QED at non-zero temperature in the framework of the Dirac model [51]. The respective results were used to calculate the Casimir force in the framework of the Lifshitz theory and found to be in excellent agreement with the measurement data (please see [52,53]) and with the requirements of thermodynamics [54].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Plasma model and Drude model permittivities in Lifshitz formula

Nesterenko

2022

Eur. Phys. J. C

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At the physical level of rigour it is shown that there are no substantial theoretical arguments in favour of using either plasma mode permittivity or Drude model permittivity in the Lifshitz formula. The decision in this question rests with the comparison of theoretical calculations with the experiment. In the course of the study the derivation of the fluctuation–dissipation theorem is proposed where it is displayed clear at which reasoning stage and in what way the dissipation is taken into account. In particular it is shown how this theorem works in the case of the system with reversible dynamics, that is when dissipation is absent. Thereby it is proved that explicit assertion according to which this theorem is inapplicable to systems without dissipation is erroneous. The research is based on making use of the rigorous formalism of equilibrium two-time Green functions in statistical physics at finite temperature.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Plasma model and Drude model permittivities in Lifshitz formula

Nesterenko

2022

Eur. Phys. J. C

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“…Thus, we can say that the nonlocal permittivities, proposed for metals in [56][57][58], are to some extent analogous to the permittivities of graphene, which are also spatially nonlocal but were derived on the basis of first principles of quantum electrodynamics at nonzero temperature using the formalism of polarization tensor [60,61]. It was shown that for graphene described by these permittivities there is no Casimir puzzle, i.e., the Lifshitz theory is consistent with both the experimental results [62,63] and the requirements of thermodynamics [64,65].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The point is that the spatially nonlocal response of graphene was derived on the basis of first principles of quantum electrodynamics via the formalism of the polarization tensor [60,61]. As mentioned in Section 1, using the respective nonlocal dielectric functions, the theoretical predictions of the Lifshitz theory were shown to be in perfect agreement with the requirements of thermodynamics [64,65] and with experiments on measuring the Casimir force in graphene systems [62,63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Experimentum crucis for Electromagnetic Response of Metals to Evanescent Waves and the Casimir Puzzle

Mostepanenko

Svetovoy

2022

Universe

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It is well known that the Casimir force calculated at large separations using the Lifshitz theory differs by a factor of 2 for metals described by the Drude or plasma models. We argue that this difference is entirely determined by the contribution of transverse electric (s) evanescent waves. Taking into account that there is a lack of experimental information on the electromagnetic response of metals to low-frequency evanescent waves, we propose an experiment on measuring the magnetic field of an oscillating magnetic dipole spaced in a vacuum above a thick metallic plate. According to our results, the lateral components of this field are governed by the transverse electric evanescent waves and may vary by orders of magnitude depending on the model describing the permittivity of the plates used in calculations and the oscillation frequency of the magnetic dipole. Measuring the lateral component of the magnetic field for typical parameters of the magnetic dipole designed in the form of a 1-mm coil, one could either validate or disprove the applicability of the Drude model as a response function of metal in the range of low-frequency evanescent waves. This will elucidate the roots of the Casimir puzzle lying in the fact that the theoretical predictions of the Lifshitz theory using the Drude model are in contradiction with the high-precision measurements of the Casimir force at separations exceeding 150 nm. Possible implications of the suggested experiment for a wide range of topics in optics and condensed matter physics dealing with evanescent waves are discussed.

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“…An important point is that the response functions of graphene strongly depend on temperature. This leads to an unexpectedly large thermal effect in the Casimir force from graphene at short separations even in the state of thermal equilibrium [53][54][55]. We show that with increasing T g the magnitude of graphene-nanoparticle force increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Casimir-Polder attraction and repulsion between nanoparticles and graphene in out-of-thermal-equilibrium conditions

Klimchitskaya,

Mostepanenko,

Tsybin

2022

Preprint

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The nonequilibrium Casimir-Polder force between a nanoparticle and a graphene sheet kept at different temperatures is investigated in the framework of Dirac model using the formalism of the polarization tensor. It is shown that the force magnitude increases with increasing temperature of a graphene sheet. At larger separations an impact of nonequilibrium conditions on the force becomes smaller. According to our results, the attractive Casimir-Polder force vanishes at some definite nanoparticle-graphene separation and becomes repulsive at larger separations if the temperature of a graphene sheet is smaller than that of the environment. This effect may find applications both in fundamental investigations of graphene and for the control of forces in microdevices of bioelectronics.

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Demonstration of an Unusual Thermal Effect in the Casimir Force from Graphene

Cited by 34 publications

References 48 publications

Plasma model and Drude model permittivities in Lifshitz formula

Plasma model and Drude model permittivities in Lifshitz formula

Experimentum crucis for Electromagnetic Response of Metals to Evanescent Waves and the Casimir Puzzle

Casimir-Polder attraction and repulsion between nanoparticles and graphene in out-of-thermal-equilibrium conditions

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