Demonstration of 128-Channel Optical Phased Array With Large Scanning Range

Luo, Gan; Wang, Hong; Ma, Jianbin; Wang, Ruiting; Yang, Zhengxia; Yang, Xu; Yu, Haiming; Zhou, Xuliang; Zhang, Yejin; Pan, Jiaoqing

doi:10.1109/jphot.2021.3071185

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Finally, at the wavelength of 1535 nm, the phase difference reaches approximately 2π and the light beam returns to φ=0°. For TE and TM mode, a lateral scanning range of ±25.47 and ±27.85°is obtained respectively, comparable to other results from active shifters and passive AWG shifters with a much larger footprint [2,12,35,36]. It is still possible to improve some aspects of the beam steering structure designed in this work.…”

Section: Integrated Beam Steering Structuresupporting

confidence: 84%

Inverse-designed ultra-compact passive phase shifters for high-performance beam steering

Fu,

Chu,

Yan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Ultra-compact passive phase shifters are inversely designed by the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm. The wavelength-dependent phase difference between two output beams is originated from the different distance of the input light passing through the 4 µm×3.2 µm rectangular waveguide with random-distributed air-hole arrays. As the wavelength changes from 1535 to 1565 nm, a phase difference tuning range of 6.26 rad and 6.95 rad is obtained for TE and TM mode, respectively. Compared with the array waveguide grating counterpart, the phase shifters exhibit higher transmission and lower excess loss, with a much smaller footprint. By combining the inverse-designed phase shifter and random-grating emitter together, integrated beam steering structures are built, which show a large scanning range of ± 25.47° and ± 27.85° in lateral direction for TE and TM mode, respectively. This work may pave the way for the development of ultra-compact high-performance optical phased array LiDARs.

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Section: Integrated Beam Steering Structuresupporting

confidence: 84%

Inverse-designed ultra-compact passive phase shifters for high-performance beam steering

Fu,

Chu,

Yan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The University of Southern California demonstrated a 1024-channel OPA in 2018 [3], with a 0.03 • beam width and a 45 • FOV. Our previous works also reported some research results of OPA [11][12][13][14]. As we know, a large array with more channels that decreases beam width can improve the resolution of OPA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Improved SPGD Algorithm for Optical Phased Array Phase Calibration

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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A chip-level optical beam steerer is an inevitable choice for next-generation light detection and ranging (LiDAR). The research on optical phased array (OPA) is the most intriguing. However, the complexity of control and calibration speed limit the full potential as the number of channels increases. In this paper, an improved stochastic parallel gradient-descent algorithm combined with the Nesterov accelerated gradient method (NSPGD) is presented and applied in a 512-channel OPA. This algorithm can reduce the phase calibration time of large-scale OPA and demonstrates a better convergence performance than traditional SPGD. Compared with the traditional SPGD and hill-climbing (HC) algorithm, optimized convergence performance of NSPGD is shown. The side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of over 10dB for 512-channel OPA is obtained with the NSPGD algorithm, and the convergence speed is twice that of traditional SPGD. In addition, a temperature-controlled OPA is also studied to stabilize the whole calibration system.

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“…Beam divergence and crosstalk 2011 [1] 3.5 μm / 20° × 14° 0.6° × 1.6° / NA 2014 [9] 4 μm / 20° × 15° 1.2° × 0.5° / NA 2017 [2] 2 μm / 46° × 36° 0.85° × 0.18° / NA 2019 [33] 20 μm / 6.6° × 4.4° 0.042° × 0.031° / NA 2019 [19] 1.3 μm / 70° × 3.3° N/A / below -12 dB 2021 [34] 2 μm / 104° × 17.6° 0.72° × 1.74° / NA 2021 [35] 800 nm / 180° (1D) N/A / below -20 dB This work 1 μm / 100° × 19.3° 0.052° / below -10 dB fabrication errors of the silicon nano-block length a. In addition, the resonant frequencies are affected by the structure overall height H. With the decreasing of height H, the CSR at low frequencies will slightly deteriorate.…”

Section: Array Pitch and Field Of Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Low-Crosstalk Sub-Wavelength-Pitch Silicon Waveguide Array for Optical Phased Array

Zhou

et al. 2021

IEEE Photonics J.

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In this work, a compact sub-wavelength-pitch silicon waveguide array with low crosstalk is proposed and analyzed. The crosstalk is suppressed by periodic silicon nano-blocks symmetrically arranged along the silicon strip waveguides. The silicon nano-blocks are properly designed to work in the resonant region as a high-reflection boundary so that the evanescent fields of the silicon waveguide, which directly contribute to the coupling between waveguides, can be truncated. Meanwhile, the nanoblocks periodically perturb the evanescent fields to form a weakradiating grating, leading to a millimeter-long effective radiation length required for highly directive optical phased arrays. Simulation results show that the crosstalk between the waveguides in the proposed design is at least 10 dB lower than traditional waveguide array with identical sizes within the 1500 ~ 1590 nm bandwidth. Furthermore, the proposed design achieves an effective radiation length up to 1.47 mm, resulting in a theoretical narrow beam width of 0.052°. Combining both the low crosstalk and the long effective radiating length, our design offers a promising platform for high-performance two-dimensional scanning optical phased array with a large field of view and a narrow beam width.

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Demonstration of 128-Channel Optical Phased Array With Large Scanning Range

Abstract: We have proposed a 128-channel silicon-based optical phased array (OPA) chip with an overall antenna, and a large two-dimensional scanning range of 104.0° × 17.6° was achieved.

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Inverse-designed ultra-compact passive phase shifters for high-performance beam steering

Inverse-designed ultra-compact passive phase shifters for high-performance beam steering

Improved SPGD Algorithm for Optical Phased Array Phase Calibration

Design of a Low-Crosstalk Sub-Wavelength-Pitch Silicon Waveguide Array for Optical Phased Array

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