Demonstration and preliminary characterization of bone resorbing activity in freeze-dried gingiva of dogs

Hopps, Rosamund M.; Nuki, Klaus; Raisz, Lawrence G.

doi:10.1007/bf02407187

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…from our results the amount required might be very small. The interaction between endotoxin and other resorbers could also explain the results that we have obtained previously with freeze-dried gingiva (Hopps et al 1980). We found a significant correlation between the amount of PGE released and bone resorbing activity in supernatants of gingiva!…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Prostaglandins have received the greatest attention, because PGE^ is found in inflamed gingiva (Goodson, Dewhirst & Brunetti 1974, Gomes et al 1976) and indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostagiandin synthesis, has been reported to reduce alveolar bone ioss in dogs (Nyman, Schroeder & Lindhe 1979). Using an in vitro organ culture assay, we found substantial bone resorbing activity in freeze-dried gingival powders obtained from dogs with chronic gingival inflammation (Hopps, Nuki &, Raisz 1980), The gingival extracts contained PGE, especially those with the greatest bone resorbing activity; however, the amount of PGE was far too small to be responsible for the entire bone resorptive response. One possible explanation for these results was that bone resorbing factors in the gingiva might interact to produce additive or synergistic responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interactions between bacterial endotoxin and other stimulators of bone resorption in organ culture

Raisz

Nukj

Alander

et al. 1981

J of Periodontal Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Four agents which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of alveolar bone loss. In periodontaI disease, endotoxin, prostagandin E2 (PGE2), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and osteoclast activating factor (OAF), were studied for their effects on bone resorption as measured by the release of previously incorporated 45Ca from long bone shafts of 19 day fetal rats. Endotoxin at concentrations of 4 to 25 ng/ml caused little increase in 45Ca release but was able to enhance the response to submaximal concentrations of PGE2, PTH, and OAF. The response appeared synergistic, that is, it was greater than the sum of the individual responses when the agents were added singly. PTH and PGE2 do not show such apparent synergism when added together. The effects of endotoxin were not inhibited by three structurally unrelated inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis, indomethacin, flufenamic acid and RO 20–5720, and synergistic responses were similar when PGE2 and endotoxin were added in the presence of indomethacin. We conclude that interactions between endotoxin and other bone resorbers can produce unexpectedly large resorptive responses and suggest that these interactions may be important in the pathogenesis of bone loss in periodontaJ disease and other forms of pathologic osteolysis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Interactions between bacterial endotoxin and other stimulators of bone resorption in organ culture

Raisz

Nukj

Alander

et al. 1981

J of Periodontal Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We have found both high and low molecular weight bone-resorbing factors in extracts of gingiva from dogs with periodontal disease (Alander, Raisz, and Nuki, unpublished observation). The amount of prostaglandin present can not account for the resorptive response [17]. If low molecular weight peptidoglycans reach the bone, they could play a role in alveolar bone resorption.…”

Section: % Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of two bacterial products, muramyl dipeptide and endotoxin, on bone resorption in organ culture

et al. 1982

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have compared two components of bacterial cell walls, muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), for their effects on bone resorption as measured by the release of previously incorporated 45Ca. MDP is the smallest active component of peptidoglycan, whereas LPS is the active component of endotoxin. Fetal rat long bones were cultured for 5 days in a chemically defined medium supplemented with bovine serum albumin (BSA) or serum. LPS increased 45Ca release at concentrations of 0.03-1.0 microgram/ml. LPS further purified by electrolytic dialysis (ED-LPS) was active at 0.01 microgram/ml. ED-LPS was ineffective at such low concentrations in the presence of serum. The response to MDP was more variable than that to LPS, but bone resorption was stimulated at concentrations of 10(-7)-10(-5) M. MDP was less effective or inactive in medium supplemented with serum. Stereoisomers of MDP that do not have adjuvant activity caused minimal stimulation of bone resorption, whereas 6-0-steroyl MDP stimulated resorption at 10(-8) M. The stimulation of bone resorption by LPS and MDP was not inhibited by indomethacin. Both LPS and MDP increased lysosomal enzyme release in proportion to their effects on 45Ca release. LPS also markedly increased collagenase activity in the medium, but MDP did not. These results indicate that chemically different products of bacterial cell walls can stimulate bone resorption in vitro. These products may be distinguished by differences in dose response curve, serum inhibition, and collagenase release.

show abstract

“…This activity was markedly reduced in clinically healthy gingiva (Soskolne et al 1980). and absent in oral mucosa (Hopps, Nuki &. Raisz 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Some studies have implicated prostaglandins as the resorbing factor (Goldhaber et al 1973, Gomes et al 1976 and higher levels of prostagiandin E2 (PGE2) have been shown to occur in inflamed gingival extracts than in healthy gingiva (Goodson, Dewhirst & Brunetti 1974, El Attar 1976. However, Hopps et al (1980) have suggested that the amount of PGE:^ in inflamed gingiva does not account for all the resorption stimulated by these extracts in an in vitro bone resorption assay. A role of bacterial products in resorption stimulated by these extracts has been suggested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effects of human gingival extracts on bone resorption in vitro

Schwartz

Nuki

Raisz

et al. 1986

J of Periodontal Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of human gingival extracts on in vitro, bone resorption were examined and related to the amount of plaque, gingival inflammation and bone resorption present at the time of sampling. Twenty patients with varying degrees of periodontal disease were used in this study. The plaque index and bleeding index were recorded. the marginal gingiva removing surgically and immediately freeze dried. Alveolar bone resorption was then measured from the cemento enamel junction (CFI) to the alveolar bone crest directly during surgical exposure or on radiographs. The bone resorting activity of extracts from freeze dried gingiva was then tested in an in vitro bone resorption assay. No bone resorting activity was noted in 17 of the 18 extracts tested and thus no correlation could be found with the clinical indices. Mean values of the T/C ratios for 18 extracts tested indicate a biphasic suppression of control resorption by the extracts. The extracts suppressed resorption stimulated by known bone resorbing agents. H [eating of the extract prior to testing eliminated this suppressive effect. It is concluded that inhibitors of bone resorption are present in human gingival extracts. Their presence may explain our inability to demonstrate bone resorhing activity in human gingiva.

show abstract

Demonstration and preliminary characterization of bone resorbing activity in freeze-dried gingiva of dogs

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Interactions between bacterial endotoxin and other stimulators of bone resorption in organ culture

Interactions between bacterial endotoxin and other stimulators of bone resorption in organ culture

Effects of two bacterial products, muramyl dipeptide and endotoxin, on bone resorption in organ culture

Inhibitory effects of human gingival extracts on bone resorption in vitro

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About