Demographics, Socioeconomic Status, Social Distancing, Psychosocial Factors and Psychological Well-Being among Undergraduate Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Silva, Andréa Neiva da; Guedes, Carla Ribeiro; Santos-Pinto, Cláudia Du Bocage; Miranda, Elaine Silva; Ferreira, Larissa Machado; Vettore, Mário Vianna

doi:10.3390/ijerph18147215

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Different studies conducted have highlighted the psychological effects and implications of this pandemic on the general population, such as anxiety, the fear or how demographics and socioeconomic status conditions can interfere with the psychological health of students during the interruption of the face-to-face teaching activities [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Fear Post COVID in First-Year Students after the Incorporation to the Classroom: Descriptive Study in University Students of Health Sciences

et al. 2021

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Background: After the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, social restriction measures were implemented, among them, the adaptation of university teaching to online modality until the end of the 2019–2020 school year in order to stop the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. At the beginning of the 2020–2021 school year, the Spanish universities opted for face-to-face teaching. To that end, different special measures and adaptations were implemented in higher education facilities, aimed at minimizing the risk of infection and ensuring safe face-to-face learning. The objective was to explore and describe the level of fear of first-year students after the start of in-person classes in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The sample was 185 first-year students who were evaluated on the first day of class. For that purpose, an ad-hoc questionnaire was administered to collect demographic information and to find the level of fear and concern. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale was used to assess the severity of the participants’ fear of the pandemic situation. Results: The results indicate that participating university population does not report fear of the virus, but they describe various psychosomatic characteristics, such as increased pulse rate and heart palpitations (p = 0.008) and insomnia (p = 0.05) when they think about infection with coronavirus. Nevertheless, when data are disaggregated by gender, we observe differences specifically in women (83.2%), such as fear (p = 0.006) and sweaty hands when they think of the virus (p = 0.023). Conclusions: Incoming university freshmen do not express concern or fear of potential infection with COVID-19, but they are concerned about family transmission after beginning face-to-face classes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Fear Post COVID in First-Year Students after the Incorporation to the Classroom: Descriptive Study in University Students of Health Sciences

et al. 2021

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“…The validation study of the social support scale in Brazilian adults reported a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of at least 0.83 across the scale dimensions (Griep, Chor, Faerstein, Werneck, & Lopes, 2005 ). Previous research using the social support scale among Brazilian university students showed excellent internal consistency in all domains: material ( α = 0.85), affective ( α = 0.88), emotional ( α = 0.92), positive social interaction ( α = 0.94), and information ( α = 0.92) (Silva et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Previous studies showed that SOC-13 presented satisfactory internal consistency when used among Brazilian adults ( α = 0.80) (Davoglio et al, 2016 ) and adolescents ( α = 0.67) (Silva et al, 2020 ). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the SOC-13 was 0.94 among undergraduate dental students in Brazil (Silva et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of dental students’ characteristics to social support, psychosocial factors, lifestyle, and quality of life

Silva

Lucietto

Bastos

et al. 2022

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

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Objective To examine the relationships between sociodemographic characteristics, student academic information, social support, sense of coherence, anxiety, lifestyle, and quality of life among dental students. Methods: A cross-sectional study among 233 dental students in Brazil. We captured data on sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, social support through Social Support Appraisal, psychosocial factors (sense of coherence and anxiety based on SOC-13 and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 – anxiety subscale, respectively), lifestyle as per individual Lifestyle Profile and quality of life based on VERAS-Q. Data was analysed through Structural Equation Modelling. Results: Greater social support, higher sense of coherence, lower anxiety, better lifestyle directly predicted better quality of life. Male gender, city of origin did not differ from the city of the campus, higher social support and greater sense of coherence were indirectly linked with better quality of life via better lifestyle. Lower academic semester and higher social support indirectly predicted better quality of life via lower anxiety. Conclusion: Social support, sense of coherence, anxiety, and lifestyle were relevant factors directly associated with dental student’s quality of life. Indirect pathways were observed between gender, moved home to attend dental course, academic semester, social support, sense of coherence, and quality of life.

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“…It is known that in this region of the world higher mental problem symptoms have been reported in the general population during the pandemic ( 19 ), and also before the pandemic for various reasons such as treatment gap ( 20 ). We have found three studies conducted in Brazil ( 21 – 23 ), two studies conducted in Mexico ( 24 , 25 ), and one in Chile ( 26 ). The studies in Brazil found that undergraduate students exhibited higher scores for perceived stress and depressive signs and lower resilience scores when compared to administrative and faculty staff ( 21 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies in Brazil found that undergraduate students exhibited higher scores for perceived stress and depressive signs and lower resilience scores when compared to administrative and faculty staff ( 21 ). Additionally, variables associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in Brazil were: being female, having a chronic disease, fewer positive relations with others, lower self-acceptance, self-blaming, and substance use ( 22 , 23 ). The studies in Mexico found that anxiety and depressive symptoms were related to younger age, previously diagnosed psychiatric disorder, and using drugs ( 25 ); and the main reason undergraduate students requested professional help was the presence of anxiety symptoms ( 24 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health and Related Factors Among Undergraduate Students During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Valdés

Díaz²,

Christiansen³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundMental health problems among undergraduates are a significant public health concern. Most studies exploring mental health in this population during the pandemic have been conducted in high-income countries. Fewer studies come from Latin American countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, insomnia, and suicide risk, and explore the association with several relevant variables in personal, family, university, and SARS-CoV-2 pandemic domains.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Chile in a medium-size private University. Outcome variables were explored with valid instruments: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Independent variables from personal (e.g., sex, age, sexual orientation, history of mental health problems, substance use), family (e.g., parental educational background, family history of mental health problems, family functioning), university (e.g., course year, financial support, psychological sense of university belonging, history of failing subjects) and SARS-CoV-2 domains (e.g., history of personal and family contagion, fear of contracting SARS-CoV-2, frequency of physical activity, keeping routines and social contact). Multivariable logistic regression models were conducted for each outcome, after univariable and domain-specific multivariable models. The significant variable at each step was selected if the p-value was ≤ 0.05.ResultsA total of 5,037 students answered the survey—the global response rate of 63.5%. Most of the students were females (70.4%) and freshmen students (25.2%). The prevalence of mental health problems was high: depression (37.1%), anxiety (37.9%), and stress (54.6%). Insomnia was reported in 32.5% of students, and suicide risk in 20.4% of students. The associated variables at personal domain were history of mental health problems, substance use, and sexual orientation; at family domain, family functioning and family history of mental health problems; at university domain, violence victimization and sense of belonging; and in SARS-CoV-2 domain, having a daily routine and fear to contracting SARS-CoV-2 by students themselves or others.ConclusionsThe prevalence of mental health problems is high among undergraduate students and some of the associated factors, such as victimization and a sense of belonging can be used in preventive interventions.

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Demographics, Socioeconomic Status, Social Distancing, Psychosocial Factors and Psychological Well-Being among Undergraduate Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 23 publications

References 57 publications

Analysis of Fear Post COVID in First-Year Students after the Incorporation to the Classroom: Descriptive Study in University Students of Health Sciences

Analysis of Fear Post COVID in First-Year Students after the Incorporation to the Classroom: Descriptive Study in University Students of Health Sciences

The relationship of dental students’ characteristics to social support, psychosocial factors, lifestyle, and quality of life

Mental Health and Related Factors Among Undergraduate Students During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

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