Demographics of international contact lens prescribing

Morgan, Philip B.; Efron, Nathan; Helland, Magne; Itoi, Motozumi; Jones, Deborah; Nichols, Jason J.; Worp, Eef van der; Woods, Craig A.

doi:10.1016/j.clae.2009.09.006

Cited by 109 publications

(129 citation statements)

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“…This finding is in accordance to data from around the world, with a similar percentage (∼65%) of female wearers reported in Australia, Canada, United States and Europe [4,5,7]. In this work, the tendency of females to wear contact lenses is typical of the Middle East region.…”

Section: Demographic Datasupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Another cultural factor is that the average age for marriages in the Middle East is around 24 years old [8] and hence may result in an increase the uptake of contact lenses in a younger population than in other demographics. This finding correlates with international opinions regarding interrelated and cultural reasons behind differences in contact lens wear distributions between males and females [7]. Further cultural influences on contact lens and spectacles wear could be more specifically investigated in Middle Eastern populations.…”

Section: Demographic Datasupporting

confidence: 81%

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Trends of contact lens prescribing in Jordan

Haddad

Bakkar

Gammoh

et al. 2016

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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⁎ Corresponding author. Abstract PurposeTo evaluate contact lens prescribing trends among optometrists in Jordan. MethodsOptometrists from 173 practices in Jordan were surveyed about prescribing contact lenses in their practice. Practitioners were required to record information for the last 10 patients that visited their practice. Demographic data such as age and gender was obtained for each patient. In addition, data relating to lens type, lens design, replacement methods and the care regime advised to each patient were recorded. Practitioners were required to provide information relating to their education and years of experience. The influence of education and experience with respect to lens prescribing trends was explored using linear regression models for the proportions of lens types fitted for patients. ResultsA total of 1730 contact lens fits were analyzed. The mean (±SD) age of lens wearers was 26.6 (±7.9) years, of whom 65% were female. Conventional hydrogel lenses were the most prescribed lenses, accounting for 60.3% of the fits, followed by silicone hydrogel lenses (31.3%), and rigid lenses (8.4%). In terms of lens design, spherical lenses appeared to be most commonly prescribed on monthly basis.Daily disposable lenses were second most prescribed lens modality, accounting for 20.4% of the study sample. Multi-purpose solution (MPS) was the preferred care regimen, with a prevalence of 88.1% reported in the study sample, compared to hydrogen peroxide (1-step and 2-step), which represented only 2.8% of the patients in this study. A relationship was established between the two educational groups for rigid lens prescribing (F = 17.4, p < 0.0001), while the experience of the optometrist was not a significant factor (F = 0.4, p = 0.54). ConclusionThis work has provides an up-to-date analysis of contact lens prescribing trends among optometrists in Jordan. Contact lens prescribing in terms of lens type, lens design, modality of wear and care regimen agree with global market trends with small variations. This report will help practitioners and the industry to detect any deficiencies in the contact lens market in Jordan, which will ease implementing current and future plans in developing contact lens practice and patient eye care in the region.

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Section: Demographic Datasupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Demographic Datasupporting

confidence: 81%

Trends of contact lens prescribing in Jordan

Haddad

Bakkar

Gammoh

et al. 2016

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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“…Furthermore, the control group in this study is consistent with the typical profile of contact lens wearers elsewhere. 37 In conclusion, our findings have implications for the prevention and management of microbial keratitis in Singapore. Contact lens-related microbial keratitis was associated with race, wearer age, occasional overnight wear, poor hand hygiene, and lens care solution type.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Risk factors for contact lens-related microbial keratitis in Singapore

Lim

Carnt

Farook

et al. 2015

Eye

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Purpose: To investigate independent risk factors for contact lens-related microbial keratitis in Singapore and estimate their impact on disease load. Methods: Cases were contact lens wearers presenting to Singapore National Eye Centre with microbial keratitis between 2008 and 2010. Community contact lens wearers were recruited as controls. All wearers completed a previously validated questionnaire describing contact lens wear history, hygiene and compliance habits, and demographics. Risk factors significant in univariate analysis (Po0.2) were evaluated in a multivariate model. Results: In all, 58 cases of microbial keratitis and 152 contemporaneous controls were identified. When controlling for other variables, Chinese had a 7 × lower risk compared with other races (95% CI: 2.3-21.3, P = 0.001). Those aged between 25 and 44 years were at 3 × increased risk compared with younger wearers (95% CI: 1.1-9.6, P = 0.04). Occasional overnight contact lens wear (less often than one night per week) was associated with a 4 × higher risk (95% CI: 1.2-15.4, P = 0.03) compared with daily use. Not washing hands before handling was associated with a 13 × increased risk (95% CI: 1.9-84.8, P = 0.008). Use of multipurpose solution A carried a 16 × higher risk compared with hydrogen peroxide (95% CI: 1.5-174.0, P = 0.02). The combined PAR% for modifiable risk factors (occasional overnight wear, not washing of hands, and MPS A) was 82%. Conclusions: Consistent with previous findings, independent risk factors for contact lens-related microbial keratitis include poor hand hygiene, occasional overnight wear, and type of lens care solution. Prolonged overnight or extended contact lens use was infrequent in this population.

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“…Currently multipurpose solutions (MPSs) are the leading method for cleaning and disinfecting soft CLs (4), estimated to be used by almost 90% of all soft CL users (5,6). The MPSs are designed as a onebottle system and contain a complex combination of ingredients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic and Inflammatory Effects of Contact Lens Multipurpose Solutions on Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

2013

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Multipurpose solutions (MPSs) are the leading method for cleaning and disinfecting soft contact lenses (CLs). During recent years, numerous clinical studies have evaluated the MPS damage to the ocular surface. This study examined the cytotoxic and the inflammatory effects of MPSs and hydrogen peroxide disinfection system (H202) compared to appropriate controls on human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells. Primary cultured HCE cells were exposed to eight different commercially available MPS products (MPS A, ReNu MultiPlus®; MPS B, Opti Free® EverMoist; MPS C, Solo-care Aqua®; MPS-D, Complete®; MPS-E, Unica Sensitive®; MPS-F, Options Multi®; MPS-G, Biotrue®; MPS-H, COMPLETE® RevitaLens). Morphological changes and cytotoxic effects were examined with FITC-Annexin V/PI and MTT assays. The protein contents of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were examined by multiplex fluorescent bead immunoassay (FBI), and the mRNA expression was examined by real time PCR. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with 500 ng/ml CD14 and 500 ng/ml LBP (LPS complex), polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) and un-neutralized H202 served as positive controls, respectively. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was added as a negative control. The study demonstrated that most of the MPSs induced varying degrees of cytotoxicity to HCE cells, and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to the negative control. In addition, several MPS increased the mRNA level of inhibitory factor-κBα (1-κBα). Among the various MPSs, MPS-H induced the highest protein contents of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (14.37±2.2-fold for TNF-α, 41.39±2.5-fold for IL-1β and 5.24±0.6-fold for IL-6) compared to the negative control (p<0.05). In contrast, no significant differences were noted between the neutralized H202 and the negative control. We conclude that most of the currently used MPSs induce significant damage and inflammatory response in corneal epithelial cells. MPS-induced inflammation was mediated through NF-κB signal transduction. This study demonstrates for the first time inflammatory responses at the molecular level in primary HCE cells following exposure to a large series of commercially available and commonly used MPSs. These findings strongly suggest that certain MPSs may be partially involved in the pathogenesis of contact lens intolerance. Therefore, we recommend that practitioners advise patients as to the preferable disinfecting contact lens solutions, and to consider using the hydrogen peroxide disinfection systems instead.

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Demographics of international contact lens prescribing

Cited by 109 publications

References 0 publications

Trends of contact lens prescribing in Jordan

Trends of contact lens prescribing in Jordan

Risk factors for contact lens-related microbial keratitis in Singapore

Cytotoxic and Inflammatory Effects of Contact Lens Multipurpose Solutions on Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

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