Demographic Study of Expulsive Hemorrhages in 3 Patients With Infectious Keratitis

Abstract

This is the first recorded case of Capnocytophaga keratitis in Japan. Patients with dementia may develop severe ocular complications after infectious keratitis because of their inability to communicate.

Capnocytophaga keratitis in dogs: clinical, histopathologic, and microbiologic features of seven cases

“…In one large case series of Capnocytophaga keratitis patients, 50% of affected eyes required enucleation for corneal perforation, progression to endophthalmitis, or vision loss with uncontrollable pain. Similar to some of the dogs described in this report, Capnocytophaga keratitis may progress rapidly to dramatic corneal perforation and expulsive ocular hemorrhage in human patients . The destructive nature of corneal Capnocytophaga infections is attributed to the elaboration of several proteases, toxins, and virulence factors that induce severe necrotizing inflammation and contribute to evasion of local host immunity .…”

“…Capnocytophaga keratitis in human patients is an uncommon infection associated with an aggressive clinical nature and generally poor outcome . In one large case series of Capnocytophaga keratitis patients, 50% of affected eyes required enucleation for corneal perforation, progression to endophthalmitis, or vision loss with uncontrollable pain.…”

“…Capnocytophaga infection of the human cornea appears to most commonly be acquired from human microflora sources as, when the bacterial species was reported, most isolates belonged to the group associated with the human oral cavity . There are also occasional descriptions of human Capnocytophaga keratitis occurring secondary to traumatic injury with canine and feline teeth or claws and associated with Capnocytophaga canimorsus infection .…”

Capnocytophaga Keratitis: Clinical Presentation and Use of Metagenomic Deep Sequencing for Diagnosis

“…Four days after presentation, the patient developed a Seidel positive inferior paracentral perforation requiring an emergency glue procedure (Figure 1A, middle). As sensitivities for this rare pathogen require send-out evaluation, a review of prior Capnocytophaga case reports 1–3 suggested treatment with topical clindamycin. Compounded clindamycin 5% was initiated hourly.…”