Demographic Situation in the Baikal Region

Abstract

The article deals with current issues and problems of demographic development of municipalities within the central ecological zone of the Baikal Natural Territory. The purpose of the study is to analyze demographic and migration processes under environmental restrictions. It is especially important to update the data and revise the general provisions on the presented processes in the context of global economic and political instability in the period 2014–2023. It is expected to obtain results indicating a change in demographic trends in the presented region. In the course of the study, data from the Federal State Statistics Service and an expert survey of the population of Irkutsk, Olkhon and Slyudyansky districts were analyzed. Cartographic materials fixing spatial features of demographic processes in eight municipalities of the Irkutsk region and the Republic of Buryatia are presented. The result of the work was a comprehensive view of the demographic and migration situation in the region under consideration. Updated statistical data of the entire Baikal region. The classification of the considered municipal districts and urban districts according to the parameters of natural and migration growth, gender and age composition of the population is carried out. As a result of the expert survey, most of the respondents were represented by residents of the Slyudyansky district. It is in this municipality that, apparently, socio-demographic problems are of the greatest concern to local governments. The work is of interest from the point of view of a comprehensive study of the demography of the entire territory of the Baikal region at this time stage. The analysis of the socio-demographic situation in the region together with the results of the expert survey can be used in the implementation of management initiatives.