Demographic, Clinical and Forensic Profiling of Alleged Offenders Diagnosed with an Intellectual Disability

Mosotho, Nathaniel Lehlohonolo; Bambo, Dipono; Mkhombo, Tlangelani; Mgidlana, Chuma; Motsumi, Neo; Matlhabe, Thabo; Joubert, Gina; Roux, H

doi:10.1080/24732850.2020.1742004

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 39 publications

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“…This is a notable finding as people with ID are over-represented in prisons, including in the Australian corrective system (Whittingham et al 2020;Trofimovs et al 2021). As the majority of people with ID who come into contact with the corrective system have a mild ID (Mosotho et al 2020), the drivers of readmission in this group may differ from those with ID and epilepsy generally and may be more closely associated with socio-economic disadvantage, psychosocial distress and perhaps additional undiagnosed health conditions. This finding emphasises the importance of addressing health needs within custody and also supporting continued access to health services once released into the community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with acute care service use after epilepsy hospitalisation in people with intellectual disability

Liao

Trollor

Reppermund

et al. 2022

J intellect Disabil Res

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BackgroundThis study aimed to identify factors associated with unplanned acute hospital readmission and emergency department (ED) presentation after hospitalisation for epilepsy in people with intellectual disability (ID).MethodsThis study is a retrospective cohort study using linked administrative datasets. We identified 3293 people with ID aged 5–64 years with a hospitalisation for epilepsy between 2005 and 2014 in New South Wales, Australia. We examined unplanned readmission and ED presentation within 30 or 365 days and associations with demographic, socio‐economic and health status variables. Modified Poisson regression with robust estimation was used to model outcomes within 30 days. Negative binomial regression was used to account for the overdispersion of the data and to model 365‐day outcome rates.ResultsAround half of the cohort had an unplanned readmission and ED presentation within 365 days of the index hospitalisation. In fully adjusted models, being female, being a young adult and having a longer or acute care index admission, mental and physical comorbidities and a history of incarceration were associated with an elevated risk of readmission or ED presentation. The strongest association was observed between history of self‐harm and 365‐day readmission (incidence rate ratio 2.15, 95% confidence interval 1.41–3.29).ConclusionsSocio‐demographic, justice and health factors are associated with unplanned readmission and ED presentation risk after hospitalisation for epilepsy in people with ID. Interventions targeting improving continuity of care should be tailored for individuals and their support workers. The findings also emphasise the importance of person‐centred multidisciplinary care across different health sectors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with acute care service use after epilepsy hospitalisation in people with intellectual disability

Liao

Trollor

Reppermund

et al. 2022

J intellect Disabil Res

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Advancement of neuroscience and the assessment of mental state at the time of offense

Egbenya

Adjorlolo

2021

Forensic Science International: Mind and Law

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Intellectual deficits and restoration to competency to stand trial: An examination of IQ cut off scores

Grabowski,

Morgan,

Scanlon

2023

J Intellect Disabil

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Intellectual functioning impacts defendants’ competence to stand trial, though research on this population remains limited. This study replicated and advanced prior work, focusing on defendants’ demographic, clinical, cognitive, and criminal justice variables and their association with length of hospitalization and restoration determinations. Participants were 74 male and female criminal defendants in a midwestern state who were adjudicated incompetent to stand trial, had a diagnosis related to intellectual deficits, and completed competency restoration. Most defendants (83.7%) were restored to competency. Demographic factors were unrelated to restoration outcomes; violence of alleged offense predicted shorter hospitalization. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve analyses determined an IQ score cut-off of 63.5 for which participants were of greater likelihood to be determined restored, providing guidance on the likelihood of restoration for defendants with intellectual disability related diagnoses. Specifically, this score can be used with clinical data to inform competency determinations for defendants with cognitive deficits.

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Demographic, Clinical and Forensic Profiling of Alleged Offenders Diagnosed with an Intellectual Disability

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Factors associated with acute care service use after epilepsy hospitalisation in people with intellectual disability

Factors associated with acute care service use after epilepsy hospitalisation in people with intellectual disability

Advancement of neuroscience and the assessment of mental state at the time of offense

Intellectual deficits and restoration to competency to stand trial: An examination of IQ cut off scores

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