Demographic and Clinical Profile of Ocular Chemical Injuries in the Pediatric Age Group

Vajpayee, Rasik B; Shekhar, Himanshu; Sharma, Namrata; Jhanji, Vishal

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.06.044

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As reported by other authors as well as in this study, male outnumbered females in the frequency of chemical injury with a ratio of 3.90:1 [14][15][16][17][18]. In the present study accidental and work related injuries were more common.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Most common causative agent of chemical injury were sulphuric acid (19%) among the acids and ammonia 8(12%) out of 22 injured eyes and calcium carbonate (lime) 20(31%) among the alkalis out of 42 injured eyes. According to Midelfart et al [19] and Vajpayee RB et al [18] and other authors have reported lime as the most common cause of alkali injuries.…”

Section: Original Research Articlementioning

confidence: 97%

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Clinical profile & visual outcome in ocular chemical injury

Dubey

Kubrey

Kumar

2019

Trop J Ophthalmol Otolaryngol

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Objective: To study the clinical profile & visual outcome of ocular chemical injuries. Material & Method: The cases of ocular chemical injury were included in the study. Detailed history of the patients was taken pertaining to the injury. The ocular examination was performed visual acuity was recorded by using Snellen's test type Chart. A thorough examination was carried out on slit-lamp, direct & indirect ophthalmoscope. Clinical grading was done by Roper Hall Classification. Other ocular investigations were done when required. Results: The present study included 64 eyes of 54 patients, of which 80% (43) were male and 20% (11) females. The mean age was 22 ±13 yrs. higher prevalence 66% of chemical ocular injury was seen in lower socioeconomic group. Alkali injuries (66%) were more common than acid injuries (34%). Calcium carbonate (lime) 31% was the most common etiological agent. Most chemical injuries were unilateral 81% Maximum no. of patients belongs to grade I (48%) and minimum in grade IV (8%). In grade I chemical injury, most patients were presented with visual acuity better than 6/12. The final visual acuity is dependent on the initial grading and vision, higher the grade lesser are the chances of significant visual improvement. Conclusion: Presenting visual acuity is an important prognostic factor. Lower grades of injury had better final visual outcome. Grade III and grade IV alkali injuries are more severe injuries than acids.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Original Research Articlementioning

confidence: 97%

Clinical profile & visual outcome in ocular chemical injury

Dubey

Kubrey

Kumar

2019

Trop J Ophthalmol Otolaryngol

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“…The success rates for these cases were similar to those reported for adults. Similarly good results for pediatric CLET in 26 ocular burn cases were reported by Vajpayee et al [ 48 ]. We had no pediatric cases, as the main cause for LSCD in children, chemical injuries, is exceedingly rare in our geographic area.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Stem Cell Therapy for Corneal Epithelium Regeneration following Good Manufacturing and Clinical Procedures

Ramírez

Sánchez

Herreras

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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Objective. To evaluate outcomes of cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation (CLET) for management of ocular surface failure due to limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). Design. Prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series and extensive comparison with recent similar studies. Participants. Twenty eyes with LSCD underwent CLET (11 autologous; 9 allogeneic) and were followed up for 3 years. Etiologies were divided into 3 prognostic categories: Group 1, chemical injuries (7 eyes); Group 2, immune-based inflammation (4 eyes); and Group 3, noninflammatory diseases (9 eyes). Intervention. Autologous and allogeneic limbal epithelial cells were cultivated on amniotic membranes and transplanted. Evaluations were based on clinical parameters, survival analysis, and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM). European Union Tissues/Cells Directive and good manufacturing procedures were followed. Main Outcome Measures. Improved clinical parameters, absence of epithelial defects, and improved central corneal epithelial phenotype. Results. Success rate was 80% at 1-2 years and 75% at 3 years. Autografts and allografts had similar survival. Success rate was significantly lower in prognostic Group 1 (42.9%) than in Groups 2-3 (100% each). All clinical parameters improved substantially. By IVCM, 80% of cases improved in epithelial status. Conclusions. CLET improved corneal epithelium quality, with subsequent improvement in symptoms, quality of life, and vision. These results confirm that CLET is a valid therapy for ocular surface failure.

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“…17 There are limited data in the literature regarding the use of limbal stem cell transplantation in pediatric patients following chemical burns. 17,18 Examination of pediatric patients may need to be done under general anesthesia, as slit-lamp examination can be difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Spectrum and Treatment Approaches in Corneal Burns

Müftüoğlu¹,

Akova²,

Çetinkaya³

2015

tjo

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Objectives:To evaluate the clinical findings, treatment modalities and long-term prognosis of chemical and thermal burns of the cornea.Materials and Methods:Twenty-one patients (27 eyes) who were followed at two centers for corneal chemical and thermal burns between 2001 and 2013 were included. Eyes were grouped into four grades according to the severity of burn using Roper-Hall classification. Age, gender, type of burn, follow-up duration, corrected visual acuity before and after treatment, treatment modalities and complications were recorded. Patients received medical treatment or combined surgical treatment including amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT), conjunctivolimbal autograft/allograft (CLAU/CLAL) transplantation, keratolimbal allograft (KLAL) or penetrating keratoplasty (PKP).Results:Patients had a mean age of 27.1±15.5 years (range, 6 months-56 years) and were followed for a mean 63.2±58.6 weeks (4-160 weeks). Significant improvement was achieved with medical treatment alone in patients with grade I (4 eyes) and 2 burns (8 eyes). Patients with grade III burns (11 eyes) underwent CLAU (6 eyes), combined AMT/CLAU (3 eyes), AMT/CLAL (1 eye), or CLAL+PKP (1 eye), while patients with grade IV burns (4 eyes) had keratectomy+CLAL/AMT (1 eye), keratectomy+CLAL+PKP after recurrence with CLAU/AMT (1 eye), CLAU+PKP (1 eye), and AMT/KLAL+PKP (1 eye). All patients except the latter showed ocular surface stabilization with these procedures.Conclusion:Ocular burns cause severe impairment of the ocular surface. It is possible to achieve good results with appropriate medical treatment and surgeries including ocular surface reconstruction.

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Demographic and Clinical Profile of Ocular Chemical Injuries in the Pediatric Age Group

Cited by 41 publications

References 22 publications

Clinical profile & visual outcome in ocular chemical injury

Clinical profile & visual outcome in ocular chemical injury

Stem Cell Therapy for Corneal Epithelium Regeneration following Good Manufacturing and Clinical Procedures

Clinical Spectrum and Treatment Approaches in Corneal Burns

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