Demographic and Clinical Profile of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma from a Service-Based Population

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic and clinical profile of the oral squamous cells carcinoma (OSCC) cases registered in a center of oral diagnosis in southern Brazil. Eight hundred and six individuals with OSCC from 1959 to 2012 were included in this study. The variables recorded were: sex, age, occupation according to workplace, alcohol and tobacco consumption, skin color, tumor location, histological type, clinical appearance, size, evolution time, presence of pain and lymph node metastasis. Descriptive analysis was performed and the associations between variables were assessed using the chi-square and Fisher's exact test, with a confidence level of 5%. OSSC was more common in males (76.6%) aged between 51 to 70 years (53.9%). The most frequent sites were lower lip vermilion (23.3%), tongue (20.2%) and gingiva/alveolar ridge (18.1%). There was a strong association between outdoor occupation and white skin color with lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). OSCC intraoral lesions were commonly more painful, larger than 2 cm and presented lymphatic metastasis. In conclusion, most of the results confirm the data from literature about sex, age, tumor location and occupation. Moreover, the positive correlations between LSCC and occupation, between LSCC and white skin color, and between bigger lesions and presence of pain/cervical metastasis also corroborate the literature data.

Characteristics of non‐melanoma skin cancers of the cutaneous perioral and vermilion lip treated by Mohs micrographic surgery

“…Historically, SCC has been reported to occur more frequently on the lower vermilion lip, whereas BCC has been reported to occur more frequently on the upper vermilion lip. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]20 Our results support the common observation that BCCs occur more frequently on the upper vermilion lip, and SCCs occur more frequently on the lower vermilion lip (P < 0.001). We also found that BCCs were significantly more common on the cutaneous perioral region, whereas SCCs were more common on the vermilion lip region (P < 0.001).…”

“…Multiple studies have also found an association between upper lip BCCs and female gender, as well as lower lip SCCs and male gender . Leibovitch's study differed from the others in that the upper lip was the most common site of BCC involvement in both men and women.…”

“…Multiple studies have noted that SCCs are the most common type of NMSC to affect the vermilion lip, but when BCCs do occur they preferentially affect the upper vermilion lip whereas SCCs affect the lower vermilion lip. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] A few conflicting studies have suggested that BCC is distributed evenly across both surfaces. 11 Dawn et al and other groups have also characterized lip NMSC distribution by gender and found that BCCs are more common on the upper lip and likely to present in women, and SCCs are more common on the lower lip and likely to present in older men.…”

“…Thus, it is unsurprising that different tumour types might preferentially develop on these distinct surfaces. Multiple studies have noted that SCCs are the most common type of NMSC to affect the vermilion lip, but when BCCs do occur they preferentially affect the upper vermilion lip whereas SCCs affect the lower vermilion lip . A few conflicting studies have suggested that BCC is distributed evenly across both surfaces .…”

The Application of Next-Generation Sequencing to Define Factors Related to Oral Cancer and Discover Novel Biomarkers

“…The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for more than 90% of all tumorigenesis in the oral cavity [ 28 , 29 ]. OSCC tends to occur more frequently in men than in women, and it usually occurs after age 50 [ 30 ].…”