Democracy without Parties? Political Parties and Regime Change in Fujimori's Peru

Levitsky, Steven; Cameron, Maxwell A.

doi:10.1111/j.1548-2456.2003.tb00248.x

Cited by 184 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Indeed, scholars seem to be converging on the position that many Latin American parties resemble the rootless teams of ambitious office seekers that populate Downsian models of democracy (Downs 1957). Partly as a result, Latin American parties are increasingly lumped into categories that imply that they are barely parties at all, categories like "electoral populism" and "personalist devices" (Roberts 2006;Levitsky and Cameron 2003).…”

Section: Organizational Sponsorship and Latin American Political Partiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corporation-based Parties: The Present and Future of Business Politics in Latin America

Barndt

2014

Lat. Am. polit. soc.

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Throughout Latin America, particular business conglomerates have begun to sponsor their own political parties, building those parties on their own corporate assets. These "corporation-based parties" represent a new wave of highly particularized conservative representation in the region. Indeed, corporation-based parties have become a regular-though largely unrecognized-feature of contemporary Latin American party systems. This article develops a theory of how and why particular business conglomerates sponsor their own parties, provides substantial evidence for the existence of corporation-based parties across much of Latin America, and uses a case study of a party built on a Panamanian supermarket chain to demonstrate how such parties are organized. In closing, it discusses the possible future for these parties in the region.

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Section: Organizational Sponsorship and Latin American Political Partiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corporation-based Parties: The Present and Future of Business Politics in Latin America

Barndt

2014

Lat. Am. polit. soc.

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“…While economic growth has slowed since 2009, this does not entirely explain voter concerns. Instead, analysts blame the weak party system in Peru (Crabtree ; Levitsky and Cameron ; Remy ; Tanaka ; Vergara and Watanabe ). Both the interruption of democracy caused by Fujimori and regulations intended to promote democracy and limit corruption in the years since have led to a proliferation of parties organized around amateur politicians who campaign on their personality rather than on developed, clear ideological political platforms and organized support at the grassroots level.…”

Section: The State Of Democracy In Perumentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rise and Irrelevance of the State: Political Views from a Peasant Community of the 2016 Peruvian Presidential Election

Vincent

2018

PoLAR

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This case study of a peasant community in the Peruvian central highlands examines how vibrant political engagement in the 1970s became indifference during the 2016 Peruvian presidential election. It focuses on changing livelihood activities over the past three decades. Thirty years ago, community incomes were based on farming and wage labor, and community members were activists in worker–peasant organizations to achieve better market and work conditions. Now, small‐scale agriculture and formal employment have declined and livelihoods are precarious. The state addresses this through decentralized spending and cash transfers. Despite this unprecedented state support, the community had no interest in the 2016 national election. Instead, their attention was focused on the municipality, which delivers the new funds in Peru's decentralized government system. Rather than leveraging job and income creation, these funds condemn the people to ongoing precarity because the state has avoided the structural changes that would create viable jobs and markets for their products. These concerns find no organized political expression, as recent analysis of Peruvian politics reveals a weak party system and fragmented civil society. This situation poses significant challenges to political organizations that would seek more equitable structural transformations.

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“…In a society deeply divided by inequality, exclusion and ethnic and social discrimination (Matos Mar, ; Nugent, ; Portocarrero, ; Flores Galindo, ; Vargas Llosa, ; CVR, ; Thorp, Caumartin and Gray‐Molina, ; Thorp and Paredes, ; De la Cadena, ) and governed by weak institutions and a discredited political class (Dargent, ; Cotler, ; Vergara, ) the democratic transition also exhibited the endemic crisis of political representation in the country. In a ‘democracy without parties’ (Levitsky and Cameron, ; Crabtree, ) the gap between the State and society was not closed after Fujimori, evidencing the weaknesses of the institutions (shown in the low approval of political leaders). The media also tapped into this discontent.…”

Section: Peruvian Media Under the Fujimori‐montesinos Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

Peruvian Infotainment: From Fujimori's Media Dictatorship to Democracy's Satire

Alonso

2015

Bull Latin American Res

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This article explores how Peruvian sensational and spectacular media served the authoritarian discourse of Alberto Fujimori's government (1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000), and how TV infotainment evolved under democracy after 2000. Through interviews with producers and hosts of the TV shows and by reviewing specific episodes and media events, this article analyses five of the most representative Peruvian infotainment TV shows of the last two decades in Peru. Building upon a theory on media spectacle, infotainment and tabloidisation, this research shows how an increasing process of media hybridity-the blending of journalism, entertainment, politics, and popular culture-has challenged traditional notions of journalism and has become a prevalent strategy of new political communication forms in Peru, connecting with the global trend towards political infotainment in the media.Keywords: infotainment, media, Peru, satire, spectacle, tabloid.This article historically interprets Peruvian infotainment TV shows since 1996, exploring how Peruvian sensational and spectacular media served the authoritarian discourse of Alberto Fujimori's government, and how this type of infotainment evolved under democracy after 2000. It shows how an increasing process of media hybridity -the blending of news, entertainment, politics and popular culture -challenged traditional journalism formats and professional values, evolving into new forms of political communication. Through interviews with producers and hosts of TV shows and by reviewing specific episodes and media events, this article examines the reality/talk show Laura en America (Laura en America), which supported Fujimori's government through propaganda, and the paparazzi show Magaly Teve, which shifted attention away from politics to celebrity culture in the national news agenda. It also describes the role of the satirical show Beto a Saber in 2000, which served an oppositional role against Fujimori during his second re-election. After Fujimori's regime collapsed in 2000, new journalistic shows appeared: La Ventana Indiscreta (The Rear Window) and El Francotirador (The Sniper) are also analysed as democracy's satirical infotainment content. In spite of the generic and formal differences among these TV shows, the cases share important characteristics: they combine entertainment with a political role and/or discourse; they establish a dialogue with journalistic conventions of non-fiction; they were at some point the most popular and/or influential shows within their respective genres; the hosts have been some of the

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Democracy without Parties? Political Parties and Regime Change in Fujimori's Peru

Cited by 184 publications

References 9 publications

Corporation-based Parties: The Present and Future of Business Politics in Latin America

Corporation-based Parties: The Present and Future of Business Politics in Latin America

The Rise and Irrelevance of the State: Political Views from a Peasant Community of the 2016 Peruvian Presidential Election

Peruvian Infotainment: From Fujimori's Media Dictatorship to Democracy's Satire

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