Demand‐specific alteration of medial prefrontal cortex response during an inhibition task in recovered anorexic women

Oberndorfer, Tyson A.; Kaye, Walter H.; Simmons, Alan N.; Strigo, Irina A.; Matthews, Scott C.

doi:10.1002/eat.20750

Cited by 86 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Another study, using a stop signal task, found that recovered AN subjects had altered task-related activation in the mPFC, a critical node of the inhibitory control network. 93 These data support the hypothesis 3 that AN individuals have an imbalance within and/or between ventral limbic and dorsal executive circuits. Specifically, a ventral limbic neural circuit [which includes the amygdala, anterior insula, anterior ventral striatum, ventral regions of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the OFC] is involved in identifying rewarding and emotionally significant stimuli required to generate affective responses to these stimuli 94,95 .…”

Section: Fmri Studies Of Reward and Executive Controlsupporting

confidence: 70%

Nothing Tastes as Good as Skinny Feels: the Neurobiology of Anorexia Nervosa

Kaye¹,

Wierenga²,

Bailer³

et al. 2014

FOC

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176

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Individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) engage in relentless, restrictive eating and often become severely emaciated. Because there are no proven treatments, AN has high rates of relapse, chronicity, and death. Those with AN tend to have childhood temperament and personality traits, such as anxiety, obsessions, and perfectionism, which may reflect neurobiological risk factors for developing AN. Restricted eating may be a means of reducing negative mood caused by skewed interactions between serotonin aversive or inhibitory and dopamine reward systems. Brain imaging studies suggest altered eating is a consequence of dysregulated reward, and/or awareness of homeostatic needs, perhaps related to enhanced executive ability to inhibit incentive motivational drives. Understanding the neurobiology of this disorder is likely to be important for developing more effective treatments.

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Section: Fmri Studies Of Reward and Executive Controlsupporting

confidence: 70%

Nothing Tastes as Good as Skinny Feels: the Neurobiology of Anorexia Nervosa

Kaye¹,

Wierenga²,

Bailer³

et al. 2014

FOC

Self Cite

123

176

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“…In conclusion, our analyses provide first evidence that altered DLPFC cortical folding plays a role in the etiology of AN. The absence of correlations with clinical parameters implicates a relatively independence of cortical folding alterations from the current symptomatology and might [10] and impulse control [11] seem also to be involved and may explain symptoms of AN such as over-controlled eating behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Evidence for alterations of cortical folding in anorexia nervosa

Schultz

Wagner

Cruz

et al. 2015

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is highly heritable, and the perspective on the etiology of AN has changed from a behavioral to a neurobiological and neurodevelopmental view. However, cortical folding as an important marker for deviations in brain development has yet rarely been explored in AN. Hence, in order to determine potential cortical folding alterations, we investigated fine-grained cortical folding in a cohort of 26 patients with AN, of whom 6 patients were recovered regarding their weight at the time point of MRI measurement. MRI-derived cortical folding was computed and compared between patients and healthy controls at about 150,000 points per hemisphere using a surface-based technique (FreeSurfer). Patients with AN exhibited highly significant increased cortical folding in a right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region (DLPFC). Furthermore, a statistical trend in the same direction was found in the right visual cortex. We did not find a correlation of local cortical folding and current symptoms of the disease. In conclusion, our analyses provide first evidence that altered DLPFC cortical folding plays a role in the etiology of AN. The absence of correlations with clinical parameters implicates a relatively independence of cortical folding alterations from the current symptomatology and might thus be regarded as a trait characteristic of the disease potentially related to other neurobiological features of AN.

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“…Some fMRI studies of patients with anorexia nervosa indicate alterations in frontoparietal networks involved in cognitive control and executive functions 26,27 as well as the engagement of these networks during incentive processing and motivation-related tasks that predominantly recruit limbic structures when performed by healthy individuals. 10,[28][29][30] Taken together, these studies suggest that anorexia nervosa may be characterized by a dominance of executive brain circuits, perhaps as a mechanism to predict and control anxiety produced by certain stimuli or by the possibility of failure.…”

Section: J Psychiatry Neurosci 2015;40(5)mentioning

confidence: 99%