Demand Components in Water Distribution Network Analysis

Giustolisi, Orazio; Walski, Tom

doi:10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0000187

Cited by 117 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Actual demand describes the actual amount that consumers can use. To obtain the actual demand, Wagner's model is used to calculate nodal demand for networks with component failures [39,40]:…”

Section: Pressure-driven Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

System Reliability Evaluation in Water Distribution Networks with the Impact of Valves Experiencing Cascading Failures

Shuang

Liu

Tang

et al. 2017

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Water distribution networks (WDNs) represent a class of critical infrastructure networks. When a disaster occurs, component failures in a WDN may trigger system failures that result in larger-scale reactions. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the evolution of system reliability and failure propagation time for a WDN experiencing cascading failures, and find the critical pipes which may reduce system reliability dramatically. Multiple factors are considered in the method such as network topology, the balance of water supply and demand, demand multiplier, and pipe break isolation. The pipe-based attack with multiple failure scenarios is simulated in the paper. A case WDN is used to illustrate the method. The results show that the lowest capacity gets stronger when a WDN is short of supply, becoming the dominant factor that decides the evolution of system reliability and failure propagation time. The valve ratio (VR) and system reliability present a flattened S curve relationship, and there are two turning points in VR. The critical pipes can be identified. With the fixed 5% valves, a WDN can improve system reliability and resist cascading failures effectively. The findings provide insights into the system reliability and failure propagation time for WDNs experiencing cascading failures. It is proven to be useful in future studies focused on the operation and management of water services.

show abstract

Section: Pressure-driven Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

System Reliability Evaluation in Water Distribution Networks with the Impact of Valves Experiencing Cascading Failures

Shuang

Liu

Tang

et al. 2017

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The fire demand is required occasionally in real life situation for some limited time period. For this reason, EPS does not generally apply to this demand (Giustolisi and Walski 2012). Even then, the EPS is carried out for this network The fire demand is extracted from the two distributions and one junction node of the Zone III network in constant and variable demand pattern is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Case Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Period Simulation of Pressure-Deficient Networks Using Pressure Reducing Valves

Sivakumar

Prasad

2014

Water Resour Manage

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Generally, the water distribution networks are designed for peak demands so that under normal operating conditions pressure is adequate to meet the nodal demand however, due to this, the pressure remains excessive when the consumption is low. This leads to huge water leakages and pipe bursts due to excess available pressure. These excess of pressure can be reduced by operating pressure reducing valves. Moreover, the pressure deficient conditions of water distribution network depends on many factors such as excess demand (i.e., fire fighting demand), location and elevation of nodes, location and pressure setting values of pressure reducing valve, ageing of pipes (i.e., increase the pipe roughness) etc. In exceptional situations, pressure deficient condition also may occur when there is a fire demand while pressure reducing valves are in operating condition. The available literature of the pressure deficient condition as well as optimal location, number and their pressure setting values of pressure reducing valves are analysed by mathematical programming or optimization methods. Normally, it is cumbersome to the field engineers to use the any toolkit utility functions. Hence in this study, the pressure deficient condition is analysed via the method of modified pressuredeficient network algorithm without using EPANET toolkit functions which are coupled with pressure reducing valve operation. A benchmark problem is analysed and compared for the proposed method. Further, a real water distribution networks is analysed introducing fire demand at junction/distribution node using fixed and diurnal nodal demand pattern coupled with and without pressure reducing valve operation in a single hydraulic simulation.

show abstract

“…For example, if the pressure in a specific zone of the DMA decreases, the calibration process will estimate demand component values that decrease the consumption of nodes in that zone. Demand components presented in this work should not be confused with the ones in (Giustolisi and Walski 2012), where demand components were generated with a previous knowledge of the use of water (human-based, volume-based, non-controlled orifice-based, leakage-based).…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At each sample, demand components values are estimated so that the errors in predicted measurements are minimized. This way of calibrating demands incorporates the usually ignored fact that demands depend in some ways of head status of the network (Giustolisi and Walski 2012). For example, if the pressure in a specific zone of the DMA decreases, the calibration process will estimate demand component values that decrease the consumption of nodes in that zone.…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leak Detection and Localization through Demand Components Calibration

Sanz

Pérez

Kapelan

et al. 2016

J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The success in the application of any model-based methodology (e.g. design, control, supervision) highly depends on the availability of a well calibrated model. The calibration in water distribution networks needs to be performed online due to the continuous evolution of demands. During the calibration process, background leakages or bursts can be unintentionally incorporated to the demand model and treated as a system evolution (change in demands). This work proposes a leak detection and localization approach to be coupled with a calibration methodology that identifies geographically distributed parameters. The approach proposed consists in comparing the calibrated parameters with their historical values to assess if changes in these parameters are caused by a system evolution or by the effect of leakage. The geographical distribution allows to associate an unexpected behavior of the calibrated parameters (e.g. abrupt changes, trends, etc.) to a specific zone in the network. The performance of the methodology proposed is tested on a real water distribution network using synthetic data. Tested scenarios include leaks occurring at different locations and ranging from 2.5% to 13% of the total consumption. Leakage is represented as pressure-dependent demand simulated as emitter flows at the network nodes. Results show that even considering a low number of sensors, leaks with an effect on parameters higher than the parameters' uncertainty can be correctly detected and located within 200 meters.

show abstract

Demand Components in Water Distribution Network Analysis

Cited by 117 publications

References 1 publication

System Reliability Evaluation in Water Distribution Networks with the Impact of Valves Experiencing Cascading Failures

System Reliability Evaluation in Water Distribution Networks with the Impact of Valves Experiencing Cascading Failures

Extended Period Simulation of Pressure-Deficient Networks Using Pressure Reducing Valves

Leak Detection and Localization through Demand Components Calibration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About