DEM Study of Solid Flow in COREX Shaft Furnace with Areal Gas Distribution Beams

Discrete Particle Simulation of Solid Flow in a Large-Scale Reduction Shaft Furnace with Center Gas Supply Device

“…For example, some researchers used DEM to study the solid flow in COREX shaft furnaces, such as dynamic burden distribution, 21,22) particle descending behaviour, [23][24][25] effect of screw on solid flow 26,27) and effect of AGD beams on solid flow. 28,29) However, so far, the solid flow features in reduction shaft furnaces with CGSD have not been studied, particularly the residence time distribution of particle in this new design.…”

Analysis of Cohesive Particle Percolation in a Packed Bed Using Discrete Element Method

“…Then, Yu and Saxén 23) investigated the effect of DEM parameters such as friction and restitution coefficients, shear modulus, as well as pellet diameter on the inter-particle percolation of pellets into coke packing. Zhou et al 24) studied the solid flow in COREX shaft furnace and found that the higher density and smaller diameter of pellet could lead to percolation during descending. While these studies provided useful information at microscopic level, some important phenomena have not been understood, for example, the effect of cohesion between particles on percolation behaviour was not studied in details.…”

Influence of Rolling Friction Coefficient on Inter-Particle Percolation in a Packed Bed by Discrete Element Method

“…According to existing literatures [10,[26][27][28], equations for contact force, damping force, friction force, and torque used here are listed in Table 1, where, R* is the equivalent radius; E* is equivalent Young's modulus; E is Young's modulus; υ is Possion's ratio; δ n is normal particle overlap; is a unit vector from the center of the particle to the contact point; m ij is equivalent mass; v n,ij is the normal relative velocity of particle i and j; μ s is sliding frictional coefficient; δ t,ij is the particle tangential overlap; δ t,ij ,max is the maximum particle tangential overlap; is the unit vector of particle tangential overlap; v t,ij is the tangential relative velocity of particle i and j; R ij is the vector from the mass center of particle i to particle j; μ r,ij is rolling friction coefficient;…”

“…In these flows, the motion of particles, as a densely packed bed, will have a significant impact on the flow of other phases, and thus on operation efficiency of the entire production. That is, the transient features of solids are crucial in the COREX process [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. During burden distribution and particle descending processes, the mixing and segregation behaviour can be observed.…”