DEM and GIS analysis of the stream gradient index to evaluate effects of tectonics: The Normandy intraplate area (NW France)

Font, Marianne; Amorèse, D.; Lagarde, Jean‐Louis

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.03.017

Cited by 145 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Deviations from the typical concave-up shape of stream longitudinal profiles, such as knickpoints or convex segments, indicate a disequilibrium state resulting from tectonic, base-level or lithological perturbations [12,28,30,79,80]. The normalized steepness index (k sn , Figure 6B) is widely used to investigate tectonically-induced perturbations in river longitudinal profiles, as it shows a direct proportionality with uplift rates (e.g., [22,23,79,81]).…”

Section: River Network and Longitudinal Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both drainage network and surface analyses have been successfully used to evaluate active tectonics in areas subjected to high deformation rates (e.g., [16,[27][28][29]). However, only a few works were done in intra-plate settings or in areas with low deformation rates (e.g., [12,[30][31][32][33]). A major concern is that in slowly deformed areas, erosion processes may counterbalance or overcome the effects of active tectonics on present-day topography, thus questioning the suitability of geomorphic indices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DEM-Based Analysis of Interactions between Tectonics and Landscapes in the Ore Mountains and Eger Rift (East Germany and NW Czech Republic)

et al. 2014

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Tectonics modify the base-level of rivers and result in the progressive erosion of landscapes. We propose here a new method to classify landscapes according to their erosional stages. This method is based on the combination of two DEM-based geomorphic indices: the hypsometric integral, which highlights elevated surfaces, and surface roughness, which increases with the topographic elevation and the incision by the drainage network. The combination of these two indices allows one to produce a map of erosional discontinuities that can be easily compared with the known structural framework. In addition, this method can be easily implemented (e.g., in MATLAB) and provides a quick way to analyze regional-scale landscapes. We propose here an example of a region where this approach becomes extremely valuable: the Ore Mountains and adjacent regions. The lack of young stratigraphic markers prevents a detailed analysis of recent fault activity. However, discontinuities in mapped geomorphic indices coupled to the analysis of river longitudinal profiles suggest a tight relationship between erosional discontinuities and main tectonic lineaments.Remote Sens. 2014, 6 7972

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Section: River Network and Longitudinal Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DEM-Based Analysis of Interactions between Tectonics and Landscapes in the Ore Mountains and Eger Rift (East Germany and NW Czech Republic)

et al. 2014

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“…Based on streams characterization, those analysis help to understand fluvial systems and landscape responses to external drivers such as climate, tectonics, human actions, etc. (Font et al 2010;Shugar et al 2017;Pedrera et al 2009;Antón et al 2014, Mather andHartley 2006;Anton and Munoz 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matlab-Based Tool for Drainage Network Ordering by Horton and Hack Hierarchies

Pastor-Martín¹,

Antón²,

Fernández-González³

2017

Proceedings - 1st Congress in Geomatics Engineering - CIGeo

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Abstract:This work presents a new MATLAB-based tool designed for network extraction and drainage network orderings by Horton and Hack hierarchies. Most GIS software offers only topological network orderings, based on joining segments, such as Stahler or Shreve, providing segments between junctions but not entire streams. Differently, Hack and Horton orderings allow organizing a drainage network in a hierarchy, identifying the parent segment over the child segment, giving as a result a drainage network where the value of a river remains unchanged from the mouth upstream to the headwater, allowing extracting entire streams. Horton and Hack hierarchies ease the interpretation of a drainage system compared to Strahler and Shreve. To extract the drainage network, this tool uses TopoToolbox 2 functions, to compute the prior steps of the channel network extraction and channel network ordering processes, and develops new functions. To sort a network, this tool allows selecting the parameter that defines the network hierarchy. This parameter is the socalled hierarchy attribute and could be the distance upstream, which refers to the distance between a junction upstream to the headwater, or the upstream accumulation, which is the accumulation at the junction. In addition to these mandatory parameters, the tool offers a set of optional parameters which turns it into a competitive alternative to generate a highly tailored ordered drainage network. The continuous channel network provided by the tool facilitates the use of other multiple applications for landscape analysis, such as the extraction longitudinal profiles or basin analysis through geomorphic indices.Key words: Hydrology, Fluvial hierarchies, Drainage network, Horton, Hack, MATLAB Resumen:Este trabajo presenta una nueva herramienta diseñada en MATLAB para la extracción y ordenación de redes de drenaje por las jerarquías de Horton y Hack. La mayoría de software GIS ofrece sólo ordenaciones topológicas de redes, basadas en la unión de segmentos, como las ordenaciones de Stahler o Shreve, que proveen segmentos entre puntos de confluencia pero no canales completos. En cambio, las ordenaciones de Hack y Horton permiten organizar una red de drenaje en una jerarquía, identificando el segmento primario sobre el segmento secundario, dando como resultado una red de drenaje donde el valor de un río permanece inalterado desde la desembocadura aguas arriba hasta la cabecera. Las ordenaciones de Horton y Hack facilitan la interpretación de un sistema de drenaje comparado con Strahler y Shreve. Para extraer la red de drenaje, esta herramienta utiliza funciones de TopoToolbox 2 para calcular los pasos previos de los procesos de extracción y ordenación de la red y además desarrolla nuevas funciones. Para ordenar la red, esta herramienta permite seleccionar el parámetro que define la jerarquía de la red. Este parámetro es el llamado atributo de jerarquía que puede ser la distancia aguas arriba, que se refiere a la distancia desde el punto de confluencia a la cabecera, o la acumulaci...

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“…Furthermore, active faults and growing folds commonly have topography that is useful in identifying different geomorphic or structural segments along the fault and estimating the most active segments (Azor et al, 2002;Font et al, 2010;Joshi et al, 2013). Segments along a morphostructure may be outlined and identified to determine the relative intensity of tectonic activity along a fault by utilizing a detailed study of drainage anomalies coupled with geomorphic indices (Azor et al, 2002;Keller and Pinter, 2002;Joshi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introduction *mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Geomorphic Processes and Active Tectonics in Con Voi Mountain Range Area (Northern Vietnam) Using the Hypsometric Curve Analysis Method

Liem

Dat²,

Dieu

et al. 2016

TCCKHVTD

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The main objective of this study is to assess geomorphic processes and active tectonics in the Day Nui Con Voi (DNCV) area of Vietnam. For this purpose, a spatial database was collected and constructed, including DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and a geological map. The hypsometric curve (HC) analysis method and its statistical moments were adopted to use for the assessment. These methods have been widely used for the assessment of geomorphic processes and active tectonics in many areas in the world showing promising results. A total of 44 sub-basins of the Red River and the Chay river were analyzed. The result shows that 3 curve-types such as "straight-shape", "Sshape", and concave were found; with the concave curve being the dominant and widely distributed in the northeast side and in the south of the southwestern side of the study area. The hypsometric integral (HI) values are rather small with the largest value is 0.37 and the smallest one is 0.128. Other statistical moments of the hypsometric curve, i.e. skew (SK), kurtosis (KUR), and the density function (density skew -DSK and density kurtosis-DKUR) show great values, which increased in the south direction of the area study. Accordingly, recent active tectonics (uplift-lower) in the study area is generally weak; however, they are also not completely homogeneous and can be distinguished by different levels. The southwestern side is being lifted higher than the northeastern side. The northern part is being lifted larger than the southern part. In the region, the uplift activities were increased gradually in the PlioceneQuaternary and could have stopped at certain time in the past. The current geomorphic processes are mainly headward erosion in the upstream.

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DEM and GIS analysis of the stream gradient index to evaluate effects of tectonics: The Normandy intraplate area (NW France)

Cited by 145 publications

References 44 publications

DEM-Based Analysis of Interactions between Tectonics and Landscapes in the Ore Mountains and Eger Rift (East Germany and NW Czech Republic)

DEM-Based Analysis of Interactions between Tectonics and Landscapes in the Ore Mountains and Eger Rift (East Germany and NW Czech Republic)

Matlab-Based Tool for Drainage Network Ordering by Horton and Hack Hierarchies

Assessment of Geomorphic Processes and Active Tectonics in Con Voi Mountain Range Area (Northern Vietnam) Using the Hypsometric Curve Analysis Method

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