Delta (δ) Ferrite Formation in the Welds of Aluminized 9Cr-1Mo Steels

Zala, Arunsinh; Jamnapara, N.I.; Badheka, Vishvesh J.; Sasmal, C.S.; Sam, Shiju; Ranjan, Mukesh

doi:10.1007/s13632-019-00528-1

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The HAZ + TZ and the ferrite based BM exhibited the large hardness difference of around 230 HV0.5. In Zala et al [31], micro-hardness values of ferritic and martensitic phases in P91 steel were reported and hardness difference of both phases were approximate to that obtained in this work.…”

Section: Steel Sidesupporting

confidence: 86%

Experimental investigations and FE modeling considering microstructural inhomogeneity of laser welded steel-aluminum joints

Kimthong

Wattanapornphan

Phongphisutthinan

et al. 2021

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

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Progresses in fusion joining between aluminum alloys with steel were limited due to its complex metallurgical reactions between liquid steel and aluminum. This work provided an insight into effects of homogeneous and inhomogeneous fusion zone of laser welded steel-aluminum joints. Detailed metallographic and chemical composition analyses of the fusion zone were first presented and discussed. An indentation reverse method was developed for predicting local stress-strain behaviors of the fusion zones. Then, FE simulations of lap shear test for laser welded steel-aluminum joint were performed, in which individual properties of the weld zone were given. The cohesive zone model (CZM) based on maximum strength was applied for representing local damage evolution of intermetallic layer along the interface in welded samples. Cross tension and double cantilever beam (DCB) tests were conducted for determining mode I bonding strength and fracture energy of the CZM. The peak forces of welded steel-aluminum joint samples using different welding speeds were predicted. The numerical results showed satisfactory agreement with experimentally obtained values. In addition, fracture behaviors of different welded samples were evaluated with regard to developed microstructural characteristics. It was found that the dominant local failure mechanism of laser welded steel-aluminum joints was strongly governed by the inhomogeneity of chemical and mechanical properties of their fusion zones that could be precisely described by the proposed model.

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Section: Steel Sidesupporting

confidence: 86%

Experimental investigations and FE modeling considering microstructural inhomogeneity of laser welded steel-aluminum joints

Kimthong

Wattanapornphan

Phongphisutthinan

et al. 2021

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

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“…Accelerated cooling in the two-phase field, in the absence or narrow range of homogeneous austenite, leads to the transformation of the austenite into martensite and some δ-ferrite remaining ( Figure 3 a). Unfortunately, a negative effect on mechanical properties is observed – ductile-brittle transition temperature increases and tensile strength decreases with increase δ-ferrite in volume fraction [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Dissimilar Welding of AISI 430F and AISI 304 Stainless Steels

et al. 2020

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A dissimilar autogenous laser welded joint of AISI 430F (X12CrMoS17) martensitic stainless steel and AISI 304 (X5CrNi18-10) austenitic stainless steel was manufactured. The welded joint was examined by non-destructive visual testing and destructive testing by macro- and microscopic examination and hardness measurements. With reference to the ISO 13919-1 standard the welded joint was characterized by C level, due to the gas pores detected. Microscopic observations of AISI 430F steel revealed a mixture of ferrite and carbides with many type II sulfide inclusions. Detailed analysis showed that they were Cr-rich manganese sulfides. AISI 304 steel was characterized by the expected austenitic microstructure with banded δ-ferrite. Martensitic microstructure with fine, globular sulfide inclusions was observed in the weld metal. The hardness in the heat-affected zone was increased in the martensitic steel in relation to the base metal and decreased in the austenitic steel. The hardness range in the weld metal, caused by chemical inhomogeneity, was 184–416 HV0.3.

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