Delta or Omega? Δ12 (ω6) fatty acid desaturases count 3C after the pre-existing double bond

Starikov, A. Yu.; Sidorov, Roman A.; Mironov, Kirill S.; Goriainov, Sergei V.; Los, Dmitry A.

doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2020.09.009

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This behavior could be the result of two combined effects. First, polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis results from a sequence of desaturation steps catalyzed by strictly oxygen-dependent enzymes [ 11 ]. Consequently, we demonstrate that oxygen scarcity in vitro results in the accumulation of saturated at the expense of unsaturated PC species in bronchial epithelial cells [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipidomic Profile Analysis of Lung Tissues Revealed Lipointoxication in Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease

et al. 2022

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Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare form of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) occurring in a heritable form (hPVOD) due to biallelic inactivating mutations of EIF2AK4 (encoding GCN2, general control nonderepressible 2) or in a sporadic form in older age (sPVOD), following exposure to chemotherapy or organic solvents. In contrast to PAH, PVOD is characterized by a particular remodeling of the pulmonary venous system and the obliteration of small pulmonary veins by fibrous intimal thickening and patchy capillary proliferation. The pathobiological knowledge of PVOD is poor, explaining the absence of medical therapy for PVOD. Lung transplantation remains the only therapy for eligible PVOD patients. As we recently demonstrated, respiratory diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or cystic fibrosis exhibit lipointoxication signatures characterized by excessive levels of saturated phospholipids contributing to the pathological features of these diseases, including endoplasmic reticulum stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines production, and bronchoconstriction. In this study, we investigated and compared the clinical data and lung lipid signature of control (10 patients), idiopathic PAH (7 patients), heritable PAH (9 BMPR2 mutations carriers), hPVOD (10 EIF2AK4 mutation carriers), and sPVOD (6 non-carriers) subjects. Mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated lung lipointoxication only in hPVOD patients, characterized by an increased abundance of saturated phosphatidylcholine (PC) at the expense of the polyunsaturated species in the lungs of hPVOD patients. The present data suggest that lipointoxication could be a potential player in the etiology of PVOD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipidomic Profile Analysis of Lung Tissues Revealed Lipointoxication in Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease

et al. 2022

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“…Previously, we characterized cyanobacterial Δ12-FADs as methyl-end desaturases that “count” 3C toward the methyl end from the pre-existing double bond in the monoenoic precursors irrespective of a FA chain length: monounsaturated odd-chain 17:1Δ 10 was converted into 17:2Δ 10,13 , whereas even-chain 18:1Δ 11 was converted into 18:2Δ 11,14 [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, we demonstrated that cyanobacterial Δ12-FADs “count” three C atoms toward the methyl end from an existing double bond in the monoenoic precursors [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acyl-Lipid Δ6-Desaturase May Act as a First FAD in Cyanobacteria

et al. 2022

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Fatty acid desaturases (FADs) play important roles in various metabolic and adaptive pathways in all living organisms. They represent a superfamily of oxygenases that introduce double bonds into the acyl chains of fatty acids (FAs). These enzymes are highly specific to the length of the carbon chain, position of double bonds formation, etc. The modes by which FADs “count” the position of the double bond formation may differ. In cyanobacteria, the first double bond is formed between 9th and 10th carbons (position Δ9), counting from the carboxylic end of an FA. Other FADs that produce polyunsaturated FAs may introduce double bonds counting from the carboxyl (Δ) or methyl (ω) terminus, or from a pre-existing double bond towards carboxyl or methyl terminus of an FA chain. Here, we expressed the desD gene for the Δ6-FAD from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 (which is capable of synthesizing only monoenoic FAs desaturated mainly at position Δ9) and observed the appearance of unusual monoenoic FAs desaturated at position Δ6, as well as Δ6,9 dienoic FAs. Exogenously added cis-10-heptadecenoic acid (17:1Δ10) was converted into cis-6,10-heptadecadienoic (17:2Δ6,10). These data demonstrate the ability of Δ6-FAD to introduce the first double bond into the unsaturated substrates and suggests that it “counts” from the carboxyl end, irrespective of the absence or presence of a previous double bond in an FA chain.

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“…Information on the FA composition and the set of desaturases revealed from genomic data was further used to develop the biochemical classification system for cyanobacteria [ 215 ]. The combination of genomic and biochemical data led to a discovery of a new desaturase with unique properties [ 206 ] and the understanding of the mechanisms of double bond formation by the known desaturases [ 216 ]. This knowledge of cyanobacterial desaturases and their mode of action may be extended to desaturases expressed in edible plants and, eventually, may be useful to improve plant cold stress tolerance [ 217 ].…”

Section: Culture Collection Of Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Ippas At ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants, Cells, Algae, and Cyanobacteria In Vitro and Cryobank Collections at the Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences—A Platform for Research and Production Center

Yuorieva,

Sinetova,

Messineva

et al. 2023

Biology

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Ex situ collections of algae, cyanobacteria, and plant materials (cell cultures, hairy and adventitious root cultures, shoots, etc.) maintained in vitro or in liquid nitrogen (−196 °C, LN) are valuable sources of strains with unique ecological and biotechnological traits. Such collections play a vital role in bioresource conservation, science, and industry development but are rarely covered in publications. Here, we provide an overview of five genetic collections maintained at the Institute of Plant Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPPRAS) since the 1950–1970s using in vitro and cryopreservation approaches. These collections represent different levels of plant organization, from individual cells (cell culture collection) to organs (hairy and adventitious root cultures, shoot apices) to in vitro plants. The total collection holdings comprise more than 430 strains of algae and cyanobacteria, over 200 potato clones, 117 cell cultures, and 50 strains of hairy and adventitious root cultures of medicinal and model plant species. The IPPRAS plant cryobank preserves in LN over 1000 specimens of in vitro cultures and seeds of wild and cultivated plants belonging to 457 species and 74 families. Several algae and plant cell culture strains have been adapted for cultivation in bioreactors from laboratory (5–20-L) to pilot (75-L) to semi-industrial (150–630-L) scale for the production of biomass with high nutritive or pharmacological value. Some of the strains with proven biological activities are currently used to produce cosmetics and food supplements. Here, we provide an overview of the current collections’ composition and major activities, their use in research, biotechnology, and commercial application. We also highlight the most interesting studies performed with collection strains and discuss strategies for the collections’ future development and exploitation in view of current trends in biotechnology and genetic resources conservation.

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Delta or Omega? Δ12 (ω6) fatty acid desaturases count 3C after the pre-existing double bond

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Lipidomic Profile Analysis of Lung Tissues Revealed Lipointoxication in Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease

Lipidomic Profile Analysis of Lung Tissues Revealed Lipointoxication in Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease

Acyl-Lipid Δ6-Desaturase May Act as a First FAD in Cyanobacteria

Plants, Cells, Algae, and Cyanobacteria In Vitro and Cryobank Collections at the Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences—A Platform for Research and Production Center

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