Delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol and gastric emptying.

Bateman, D. N.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb01561.x

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In contrast, Bateman found that gastric emptying of liquid, measured by real time ultrasound, was unaffected by Δ 9 ‐THC (0.5 and 1 mg i.v.) in seven fasted cannabis‐naive male volunteers 33 . The different conclusions derived from these studies might be due to the methodology or to differences in prior exposure to cannabis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…McCallum et al 32 . studied the gastric emptying of a radiolabelled solid meal, whereas Bateman 33 studied gastric emptying of liquid measured by ultrasound. McCallum et al 32 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…McCallum et al 32 . assessed people with prior experience with cannabinoids, while Bateman 33 studied cannabis‐naive subjects. Bateman 33 studied only male volunteers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…assessed people with prior experience with cannabinoids, while Bateman 33 studied cannabis‐naive subjects. Bateman 33 studied only male volunteers. This is relevant given the potential for gender‐related differences in the effects of cannabinoids on gastric emptying.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of a cannabinoid agonist on gastrointestinal transit and postprandial satiation in healthy human subjects: a randomized, placebo‐controlled study

Esfandyari

Camilleri

Ferber

et al. 2006

Neurogastroenterology Motil

110

102

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Cannabinoid receptor (CBR) stimulation inhibits motility and increases food intake in rodents. Effects of CBR stimulation in human gastrointestinal (GI) tract are unclear. We compared effects of dronabinol (DRO) and placebo (PLA) on GI transit, gastric volume and satiation in humans. In a double-blind, randomized study, 30 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to DRO 5 mg b.i.d. or PLA for three doses. We measured GI functions noninvasively: day 0, Ensure satiation test to measure maximum tolerated volume (MTV) and 30-min post-Ensure symptoms; day 1, scintigraphic transit ((111)In-egg meal) and fasting and postprandial gastric volume ((99Tcm)-SPECT); day 2, 24-h colonic transit and repeat satiation test. ancova was used to compare treatment groups with gender, age, and, for the satiation test, the baseline MTV, as covariates. A log-rank test was used to assess treatment effects on gastric emptying. Planned sample size had 80% power to detect 25-30% differences in primary end points. There was an overall retardation of gastric emptying with DRO (P = 0.018); this was more pronounced in females (P = 0.011), than in males (P = 0.184). No significant treatment differences were detected for gastric volumes, MTV, post-Ensure(R) symptoms, small bowel and colonic transit. Fasting gastric volume was greater in males receiving DRO compared with PLA (238 +/- 17 vs 185 +/- 16, P = 0.04). DRO retards gastric emptying in humans; effects are gender-related. Dronabinol also increases fasting gastric volumes in males.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…McCallum et al 32 . studied the gastric emptying of a radiolabelled solid meal, whereas Bateman 33 studied gastric emptying of liquid measured by ultrasound. McCallum et al 32 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…McCallum et al 32 . assessed people with prior experience with cannabinoids, while Bateman 33 studied cannabis‐naive subjects. Bateman 33 studied only male volunteers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of a cannabinoid agonist on gastrointestinal transit and postprandial satiation in healthy human subjects: a randomized, placebo‐controlled study

Esfandyari

Camilleri

Ferber

et al. 2006

Neurogastroenterology Motil

110

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The trial was randomised and double blind, and was performed with nine male and four female experienced cannabis users. In contrast, Bateman60 found that gastric emptying, monitored by a real time ultrasound technique, was unaffected by Δ 9 -THC in seven fasted cannabis naive male volunteers that had consumed 500 ml of warm orange cordial 30 minutes after injection. The doses of Δ 9 -THC used in this study (0.5 and 1 mg intravenously) increased pulse rate and produced cannabis-like psychomotor and psychological effects.…”

Section: Cannabinoids Delay Gastric Emptying In the Whole Animalmentioning

confidence: 92%

Cannabinoids and the gastrointestinal tract

Pertwee

2001

Gut

284

239

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The enteric nervous system of several species, including the mouse, rat, guinea pig and humans, contains cannabinoid CB1receptors that depress gastrointestinal motility, mainly by inhibiting ongoing contractile transmitter release. Signs of this depressant effect are, in the whole organism, delayed gastric emptying and inhibition of the transit of non-absorbable markers through the small intestine and, in isolated strips of ileal tissue, inhibition of evoked acetylcholine release, peristalsis, and cholinergic and non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) contractions of longitudinal or circular smooth muscle. These are contractions evoked electrically or by agents that are thought to stimulate contractile transmitter release either in tissue taken from morphine pretreated animals (naloxone) or in unpretreated tissue (γ-aminobutyric acid and 5-hydroxytryptamine). The inhibitory effects of cannabinoid receptor agonists on gastric emptying and intestinal transit are mediated to some extent by CB1 receptors in the brain as well as by enteric CB1 receptors. Gastric acid secretion is also inhibited in response to CB1 receptor activation, although the detailed underlying mechanism has yet to be elucidated. Cannabinoid receptor agonists delay gastric emptying in humans as well as in rodents and probably also inhibit human gastric acid secretion. Cannabinoid pretreatment induces tolerance to the inhibitory effects of cannabinoid receptor agonists on gastrointestinal motility. Findings that the CB1 selective antagonist/inverse agonist SR141716A produces in vivo and in vitro signs of increased motility of rodent small intestine probably reflect the presence in the enteric nervous system of a population of CB1 receptors that are precoupled to their effector mechanisms. SR141716A has been reported not to behave in this manner in the myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle preparation (MPLM) of human ileum unless this has first been rendered cannabinoid tolerant. Nor has it been found to induce “withdrawal” contractions in cannabinoid tolerant guinea pig ileal MPLM. Further research is required to investigate the role both of endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonists and of non-CB1 cannabinoid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract. The extent to which the effects on gastrointestinal function of cannabinoid receptor agonists or antagonists/inverse agonists can be exploited therapeutically has yet to be investigated as has the extent to which these drugs can provoke unwanted effects in the gastrointestinal tract when used for other therapeutic purposes.

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