Delivery process and effective design of vectors for cancer therapy

Abstract

In recent years, the efficacy of nano-drugs has not been significantly better than that of the drugs themselves, mainly because nano-drugs enter the tumor vasculature, stay near the blood vessels,...

A metal–organic framework-integrated composite for piezocatalysis-assisted tumour therapy: design, related mechanisms, and recent advances

“…Different from surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the basic principle of immunotherapy is to detect and eliminate tumour cells by activating the individual immune system. 68 However, due to the immunosuppressive nature of tumours, limited tumour infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) makes immunotherapy only available for some patients. Combined therapy strategies that combine immunotherapy with different treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and dynamic therapy have been extensively studied to effectively stimulate the immune system and greatly improve the success of ICB therapy and intratumoral invasion of CTLs.…”

Immunotherapy: cancer immunotherapy and its combination with nanomaterials and other therapies

“…Chemotherapy is the most preferred therapy in cancer treatment. 179 To date, immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy has been the most approved regimen in various indications. 180 Lately, the use of immunotherapy has proven to be effective in adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy after chemotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy.…”

pH-Activatable Charge-Reversal Polymer-Based Nanocarriers for Targeted Delivery of Antihepatoma Compound

“…Thus, they could more easily respond to endogenous and exogenous stimuli (e.g., pH, redox, enzymes, light, temperature, magnetic field, ionic concentration, etc. ), , as well as be accompanied by releasing the cargos encapsulated in the nanocarriers. The pH of the normal physiological environment is ∼7.4, while the extracellular environment of tumor cells is weakly acidic (pH ∼6.8), and even the pH of endosomes/lysosomes is more acidic inside tumor cells (pH 4.5–6.5), which provides the possibility to design and construct nanocarriers with specific responses based on endogenous pH differences.…”