Ključne besede:anestezijski dihalni sistemi; krožni anestezijski dihalni sistemi; anestezijski dihalni balon; razdruževanje svežih plinov
Key words:anesthesia breathing systems; circle anesthesia breathing systems; anesthesia reservoir bag; fresh gas decoupling Citirajte kot/Cite as: Zdrav Vestn. 2017; 86:226-35. Prispelo: 14. 9. 2016 86:226-35. Prispelo: 14. 9. sprejeto: 5. 3. 2017 Funkcije anestezijskega dihalnega balona v dihalnem sistemuFunctions of anesthesia reservoir bag in a breathing system
Miljenko križmarić
IzvlečekV članku predstavljamo različne funkcije anestezijskega dihalnega balona v dihalnem sistemu. Osrednji namen prispevka je razložiti dokaj zapleteno interakcijo med dihalnim balonom in dotokom svežih plinov med mehaničnim predihavanjem. Anestezijski dihalni balon je podajni zbiralnik plinov in predstavlja ključno komponento v večini dihalnih sistemov. Balon omogoča ročno predihavanje in je vizualni ter taktilni monitor spontanega dihanja. Balon je pri uporabi mehaničnega predihavanja izključen iz tradicionalnega dihalnega sistema. V takem primeru opazimo neujemanje med nastavljeno in dejansko vrednostjo enkratnega volumna. Na nekaterih anestezijskih delovnih postajah, kot je Dräger Primus, pa balon med mehaničnim predihavanjem služi kot zbiralnik dihalnih anestezijskih plinov in sodi v sestavni del dihalnega sistema. Med mehaničnim predihavanjem plini pri vdihu zaradi zaprte zaklopke razdruževanja svežih plinov tečejo iz dovoda svežih plinov v balon. Varna splošna anestezija zahteva razumevanje tehnoloških novosti v zapletenih napravah, ki jih pri tem uporabljamo.
AbstractThis article addresses the different functions of anesthesia reservoir bag in a breathing system. A main purpose of the contribution was to explain complex interaction between the reservoir bag and fresh gas flow during mechanical ventilation. The anesthesia reservoir bag is a collapsible gas container which is an essential component of most breathing systems. The anesthesia reservoir bag permits manual ventilation and acts as a visual or tactile indicator of spontaneous ventilation. The bag was excluded from traditional breathing system when the ventilator was in use. Discrepancies between the set and actual tidal volume can occur. However, on some anesthesia workstation systems, such as the Dräger Primus, the reservoir bag is an integral part of the breathing system during mechanical ventilation, where it serves as a reservoir for oxygen and anaesthetic gases. In mechanically ventilated patients, gases enter the bag from the fresh gas flow during inspiration, when the decoupling valve closes. The safe administration of general anesthesia requires understanding of the technological advances in highly sophisticated anesthetic equipment.