“…Vaccine is a biologically prepared antigen which helps to improve the immunity in animals against a particular disease or a group of diseases. Different types of vaccines such as heat or formalin killed whole cell vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine and DNA vaccines have been tried to protect the fish from a variety of viral and bacterial diseases (Yuasa, Koesharyani, Roza, Mori, Katata & Nakai ; Sommerset, Lorentzen, Lorenzen, Bleie & Nerland ; Sommerset, Skern, Biering, Bleie, Fiksdal & Grov ; Pakingking, Bautista, Ayson & Reyes ; Oh, Gye & Nishizawa ; Vimal, Abdul Majeed, Nambi, Madan, Farook, Venkatesan, Taju, Venu, Subburaj, Thirunavukkarasu & Sahul Hameed ; Vimal, Madan, Farook, Nambi, Abdul Majeed, Rajkumar, Venu, Thirunavukkarasu & Sahul Hameed ).…”