Deliver us from Evil: The Effects of Mortality Salience and Reminders of 9/11 on Support for President George W. Bush

Landau, Mark J.; Solomon, Sheldon; Greenberg, Jeff; Cohen, Florette; Pyszczynski, Tom; Arndt, Jamie; Miller, Claude H.; Ogilvie, Daniel M.; Cook, Alison

doi:10.1177/0146167204267988

Cited by 531 publications

(504 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

449

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…See also Feldman and Johnston (2009) on the two-dimensional nature of ideology. 6 A related, but distinct literature, addresses the question of whether situational factors (e.g., priming of mortality salience [Landau et al 2004;, personal threat [Feldman and Stenner 1997;Stenner 2005], and emotional cues [Brader 2006;Marcus et al 1995]) affect the importance of individual-level differences (e.g., RWA) in explaining behavior and opinions. and question existing conventions and assumptions.…”

Section: The Big Five and Political Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and Political Attitudes: Relationships across Issue Domains and Political Contexts

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: The Big Five and Political Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and Political Attitudes: Relationships across Issue Domains and Political Contexts

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In the years following 9/11, the nation experienced a shift towards political conservatism, including increased patriotism, support for the military, willingness to sacrifice personal liberties for national security, and support for President George W. Bush (e.g., Landau et al, 2004;Pyszczynski, Solomon, & Greenberg, 2003;Skitka, Bauman, & Mullen, 2004). In addition, the nation experienced an increase in religiosity, manifest after 9/11 briefly in the form of increased attendance at religious services (Pew, 2001) and lastingly in the form of increased public religious language and private religiosity or spirituality (TIME.com, 2006;Torabi & Seo, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding social benefits after a collective trauma: Perceiving societal changes and well‐being following 9/11

Poulin

Silver

Gil‐Rivas

et al. 2009

Journal of Traumatic Stress

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Individuals frequently perceive positive changes in themselves following adversity; after a collective trauma, they may perceive such benefits in others or in their society as well. We examined perceived benefits of the September 11, 2001 (9/11) terrorist attacks in a 3‐year study of a national sample of adults (N = 1382). Many individuals (57.8%) perceived social benefits of 9/11, including increased prosocial behavior, religiousness, or political engagement. Individuals who found increased national religiosity as a benefit 2 months post‐9/11 reported greater positive affect and life satisfaction and lower distress and posttraumatic stress up to 3 years post‐9/11. Pre‐9/11 religiousness and Republican political affiliation predicted perceiving religion‐related social benefits post‐9/11. Perceptions of social change are important but understudied responses to stressful events.

show abstract

“…With respect to the terror salience condition we reminded participants of the 9/11 terrorist attacks in New York in 2001, and the 3/11 terrorist attacks in Madrid in 2004, and argued that it is clear that the Netherlands could also become a target of attacks. Two open-ended questions were asked: (1) 'Describe briefly the emotions and thoughts that thinking about the possibility of terrorist attacks in the Netherlands arouses in you; and (2) 'Jot down, as specifically as possible, what would happen when terrorist attacks such as on 9/11 in New York or on 3/11 in Madrid would happen in the Netherlands' (see for a comparable manipulation Landau et al, 2004). In the control condition (pain salience) we told participants that we are interested in how people think about pain (dental pain, headaches, toothaches, etc).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyszczynski, Solomon, and Greenberg (2003) and Dechesne and Kruglanski (2004) make a theoretical case that acts of terrorism, such as the 9/11 attacks could have the same effects as a mortality salience manipulation (see also Skitka, Bauman, & Mullen, 2004). And indeed, Landau et al (2004) found that subliminal messages of '9/11' or 'WTC' activated death-related thoughts. Landau et al also showed that reminders of mortality or 9/11 increased support for the incumbent presidential candidate George W. Bush and decreased support for his contender in the 2004 elections John Kerry.…”

Section: When Is An Environment Open To Charisma? In What Social Situmentioning

confidence: 98%

When controversial leaders with charisma are effective: the influence of terror on the need for vision and impact of mixed attitudinal messages

Gordijn

Stapel

2006

Euro J Social Psych

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated the idea that a charismatic leader with a controversial message is most likely to persuade people in times of terror, because in those times people have a high need for vision, and vision is what a charismatic leader provides. In addition, we argued that the leader's message should contain a pro-attitudinal position as well, as this makes the counter-attitudinal message more palatable. In line with our hypotheses, we found in Experiment 1 that thinking about terrorism increases people's need for vision. Experiment 2 revealed that only when people have a high need for vision they will be influenced by a controversial charismatic leader. Experiment 3 showed that existential threats also directly increase the influence of a controversial charismatic leader. Further, this was especially so when the charismatic leader was both attractive and communicated his message in a charismatic way. Finally, Experiment 4 revealed that after thinking about their own death or about terrorist attacks, people were most likely to be persuaded by a controversial charismatic leader whose counterattitudinal message also contained pro-attitudinal statements. Together, this research suggests that in times of terror people's need for vision increases, which opens them up to a counter-attitudinal message of a charismatic leader as long as this message also includes some pro-attitudinal statements. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In this paper we investigate under what circumstances charismatic leaders with controversial ideas are most likely to be effective in changing the attitudes and behaviors of their audience. We argue that in times of terror, people have a high need for vision which opens them up to the influence of a charismatic

show abstract

Deliver us from Evil: The Effects of Mortality Salience and Reminders of 9/11 on Support for President George W. Bush

Cited by 531 publications

References 35 publications

Personality and Political Attitudes: Relationships across Issue Domains and Political Contexts

Personality and Political Attitudes: Relationships across Issue Domains and Political Contexts

Finding social benefits after a collective trauma: Perceiving societal changes and well‐being following 9/11

When controversial leaders with charisma are effective: the influence of terror on the need for vision and impact of mixed attitudinal messages

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About