Delinquency, Social Skills and the Structure of Peer Relations: Assessing Criminological Theories by Social Network Theory

Smångs, Mattias

doi:10.1353/sof.2010.0069

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In their original paper, Costanzo and Archer (1989) found IPT performance to be related to sociability and social competence. Moreover, extensive research has been performed on deficiencies in social skills in autism (e.g., Tureck & Matson, 2012), schizophrenia (e.g., Brüne, Schaub, Juckel, & Langdon, 2011), or its relationship to delinquency (e.g., Smångs, 2010). The prognosis of deficits in social competence and a timely prevention or training programs can be helpful to reduce symptoms of neuropsychiatric disorders and may even help to prevent delinquent developments (e.g., Galderisi et al, 2010;Hektner, August, Bloomquist, Lee, & Klimes-Dougan, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oxytocin receptor gene and social perception

Melchers

Montag

Felten

et al. 2015

Social Neuroscience

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Social perception is an important prerequisite for successful social interaction, because it helps to gain information about behaviors, thoughts, and feelings of interaction partners. Previous pharmacological studies have emphasized the relevance of the oxytocin system for social perception abilities, while knowledge on genetic contributions is still scarce. In the endeavor to fill this gap in the literature, the current study searches for associations between participants' social perception abilities as measured by the interpersonal perception task (IPT) and the rs2268498 polymorphism on the OXTR-gene, which has repeatedly been linked to processes relevant to social functioning. N = 105 healthy participants were experimentally tested with the IPT and genotyped for the rs2268498 polymorphism. T-allele carriers (TT and TC genotypes) exhibited significantly better performance in the IPT than carriers of the CC-genotype. This difference was also significant for the subscales measuring the strength of social bonding (kinship and intimacy). As in previous studies, T-allele carriers exhibited better performance in measures of social processing indicating that the rs2268498 polymorphism is an important candidate for understanding the genetic basis of social functioning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oxytocin receptor gene and social perception

Melchers

Montag

Felten

et al. 2015

Social Neuroscience

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“…More information on criminal activities can be seen in the literature. ( [34][35][36][37][38][39][40] In the example, we will assume that there is no contact across gangs, that is, the probability of a contact between two people not in the same gang is assumed to be 0. Within a gang, the communication counts are assumed Poisson, with mean counts taken as uniform of the interval 1/7 to 2.…”

Section: Example Of Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting Periods of Significant Increased Communication Levels for Subgroups of Targeted Individuals

Sparks

2015

Qual. Reliab. Engng. Int.

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This paper investigates detecting significant increases in communication patterns and levels between small groups of individuals within a moderate‐size targeted group. Potential applications range from trying to establish emerging thought leaders within an organisation to the detection of the planning stages of a crime. The scan statistic is a popular choice for monitoring and detecting spatio‐temporal outbreaks, but it is difficult to apply to large‐scale target groups because of the computational effort required. When monitoring communication levels between thousands of people, the number of combinations of people whose communication may have increased is very high, and to scan through all of these to find which combinations have increased communications significantly is an enormous task. A successful surveillance plan will have early communication outbreak detection properties and good diagnostic capabilities for identifying individuals contributing to this outbreak. This paper proposes a new computationally feasible approach for detecting communication outbreaks based on exponentially weighted moving average smoothed communication counts between individuals within the network. We apply a cumulative sum of ordered signal‐to‐noise (SN) ratios for communication counts to flag significant departures from their respective median values. This plan is demonstrated to be efficient at detecting changes in communication levels for a small part of the network and diagnosing who is involved in the outbreak. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Shor, Roelfs, and Yogev (2013) meta-analyzed 50 studies representing over 100,000 persons, finding that, controlling for covariates, "lower levels of emotional support are associated with an 11 % higher risk of mortality" (p. 631). Social skills are also strongly implicated in the development of learning disabilities (Forness and Kavale 1996), personality disorders (Muralidharan et al 2011), crime (Smångs 2010) and academic success (Durlak, Weissberg, and Pachan 2010;Reed and Spicer 2003;cf., Duncan et al 2007). "Greater marital quality was related to better health, with mean effects sizes from r = .07 to .21, including lower risk of mortality (r = .11) and lower cardiovascular reactivity during marital conflict (r = -.13)" (Robles et al 2014, p. 140).…”

Section: The Importance Of Competent Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

10. The composition of competence: Communication skills

Spitzberg¹

2015

Communication Competence

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The importance of communication skills and competence to the quality of life is reviewed. Given the importance of communication, distinctions are delineated among the concepts of communication skills and communication competence. Three general approaches to identification and typology of communication skills are reviewed. Bricolage enumeration approaches extract and list skills based on available literature and research. Empirical derivation approaches use data-based approaches to extract higher-order factors or dimensions of skills. A priori approaches employ theories or conceptual models to identify skills. The prospect of a more unified approach is discussed, with the suggestion that new applications to contexts, media, and applications suggest promise in future approaches to communication skills and competence.

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Delinquency, Social Skills and the Structure of Peer Relations: Assessing Criminological Theories by Social Network Theory

Cited by 24 publications

References 41 publications

The oxytocin receptor gene and social perception

The oxytocin receptor gene and social perception

Detecting Periods of Significant Increased Communication Levels for Subgroups of Targeted Individuals

10. The composition of competence: Communication skills

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