Delineating the Neural Signatures of Tracking Spatial Position and Working Memory during Attentive Tracking

Drew, Trafton; Horowitz, Todd S.; Wolfe, Jeremy M.; Vogel, Edward K.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1339-10.2011

Cited by 69 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Because resetting involves abandoning existing representations and then individuating and encoding new objects, we expected the CDA amplitude in the separating shapes condition to drop sharply after the separation (during resetting) and then to gradually recover until it reflected the new number of items. In contrast, if VWM can simply update after the separation, then we should observe only a gradual change in CDA amplitude until it reflects the new object status, without a drop (Vogel et al, 2005;Drew et al, 2011;Luria and Vogel, 2014;Balaban and Luria, 2016b); more specifically, the amplitude should rise because more items are present after the separation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Previously, several studies focused on the ability of VWM to update its representations in different situations, for example, when moving items change location (Drew and Vogel, 2008;Drew et al, 2011;Drew et al, 2012) or when stationary items Figure 9. A summary of the differences between updating and resetting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One mechanism that helps us make sense of this "object chaos" is visual working memory (VWM), which stores a limited amount of information in an online state (GoldmanRakic, 1995;Cowan, 2001;Luck and Vogel, 2013). VWM updates its representations according to the dynamic status of the objects so that when the location, form, or even the interpretation of an object changes, VWM modifies the corresponding representation (Blaser et al, 2000;Drew et al, 2011;Schlegel et al, 2013;Luria and Vogel, 2014;Balaban and Luria, 2016a). We suggest that updating relies on a distinctive correspondence between a specific object in the environment and a unique VWM representation (Kahneman et al, 1992;Levillain and Flombaum, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neural and Behavioral Evidence for an Online Resetting Process in Visual Working Memory

Balaban

Luria

2016

J. Neurosci.

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Visual working memory (VWM) guides behavior by holding a set of active representations and modifying them according to changes in the environment. This updating process relies on a unique mapping between each VWM representation and an actual object in the environment. Here, we destroyed this mapping by either presenting a coherent object but then breaking it into independent parts or presenting an object but then abruptly replacing it with a different object. This allowed us to introduce the neural marker and behavioral consequence of an online resetting process in humans' VWM. Across seven experiments, we demonstrate that this resetting process involves abandoning the old VWM contents because they no longer correspond to the objects in the environment. Then, VWM encodes the novel information and reestablishes the correspondence between the new representations and the objects. The resetting process was marked by a unique neural signature: a sharp drop in the amplitude of the electrophysiological index of VWM contents (the contralateral delay activity), presumably indicating the loss of the existent object-to-representation mappings. This marker was missing when an updating process occurred. Moreover, when tracking moving items, VWM failed to detect salient changes in the object's shape when these changes occurred during the resetting process. This happened despite the object being fully visible, presumably because the mapping between the object and a VWM representation was lost. Importantly, we show that resetting, its neural marker, and the behavioral cost it entails, are specific to situations that involve a destruction of the objects-to-representations correspondence.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural and Behavioral Evidence for an Online Resetting Process in Visual Working Memory

Balaban

Luria

2016

J. Neurosci.

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“…Data were then low-pass filtered at 50 Hz, using a linear finite impulse response filter. The following left and right hemisphere electrodes were included in these analyses, based on previous sites used for similar analyses of position updating (Drew, Horowitz, Wolfe & Vogel, 2011;Drew, Horowitz & Vogel, 2013;Drew & Vogel, 2008): left A7, A8, A9, A15, A16, A17, D29, D30 and D31, right A28, A29, A30, B4, B5, B6, B7, B11, B12 and B13. These channels of interest were averaged together within each hemisphere.…”

Section: Task-related Electrophysiological Recordingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slower resting alpha frequency is associated with superior localisation of moving targets

Howard

Arnold

Belmonte

2017

Brain and Cognition

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We examined the neurophysiological underpinnings of individual differences in the ability to maintain up-to-date representations of the positions of moving objects. In two experiments similar to the multiple object tracking (MOT) task, we asked observers to monitor continuously one or several targets as they moved unpredictably for a semi-random period. After all objects disappeared, observers were immediately prompted to report the perceived final position of one queried target. Precision of these position reports declined with attentional load, and reports tended to best resemble positions occupied by the queried target between 0 and 30 ms in the past. Measurement of event-related potentials showed a contralateral delay activity over occipital scalp, maximal in the right hemisphere. The peak power-spectral frequency of observers' eyes-closed resting occipital alpha oscillations reliably predicted performance, such that lower-frequency alpha was associated with superior spatial localisation. Slower resting alpha might be associated with a cognitive style that depends less on memory-related processing and instead emphasises attention to changing stimuli.

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“…We averaged across five pairs of occipito-parietal electrodes (selected based on prior work [1,4]) and categorized the two resultant waveforms as contraor ipsilateral with respect to the initial position of the tracked object (see Figure 1b). To simplify analysis, we collapsed across direction of motion and initial position.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Soft Handoff of Attention between Cerebral Hemispheres

Drew¹,

Mance²,

Horowitz³

et al. 2017

Current Biology

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SummaryEach cerebral hemisphere initially processes one half of the visual world. How are moving objects seamlessly tracked when they traverse visual hemifields? Covertly tracking lateralized objects evokes a difference between slow wave electrophysiological activity observed from contralateral and ipsilateral electrodes in occipto-parietal regions. This ERP waveform, known as Contralateral Delay Activity (CDA) [1,2], is sensitive to the number of objects tracked [1,2], and responds dynamically to changes in this quantity [3]. When a tracked object crosses the midline, an inversion in CDA polarity revealed the dropping of the object's representation by one hemisphere and its acquisition by the other. Importantly, our data suggest that the initially tracking hemisphere continues to represent the object for a period after that object crosses the midline. Meanwhile, the receiving hemisphere begins to represent the object before the object crosses the midline, leading to a period in which the object is represented by both hemispheres. Further, this overlap in representation is reduced if the midline crossing is unpredictable. Thus, this process is sensitive to observer expectations and does not simply reflect overlapping receptive fields near the midline. Results and DiscussionWe recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) from healthy young adults as they covertly tracked a vertically or horizontally moving object while holding central fixation (see Supplemental Materials for additional information on eye-movements). As shown in Fig 1A, on each trial, a pair of objects was presented in each quadrant. A brief (500 ms) cue informed the observer which object to track. ERP waveforms were time-locked to the onset

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Delineating the Neural Signatures of Tracking Spatial Position and Working Memory during Attentive Tracking

Cited by 69 publications

References 45 publications

Neural and Behavioral Evidence for an Online Resetting Process in Visual Working Memory

Neural and Behavioral Evidence for an Online Resetting Process in Visual Working Memory

Slower resting alpha frequency is associated with superior localisation of moving targets

A Soft Handoff of Attention between Cerebral Hemispheres

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