Delicate plasticity: Maladaptive responses to fish predation risk in Daphnia magna caused by sertraline pollution

Changes in Induced-Antipredation Defense Traits and Transcriptome Regulations of Daphnia magna in Response to 5-HT1A Receptor Antagonist

“…10 It is therefore necessary to fully understand the ecological risks of emerging stressors to assess their impact on the inducible defenses (a typical example of its fitness performance) of cladocerans, which can mediate predator−prey dynamics and shape the stability of aquatic food chains. 10,11 With the increasing pressure of modern life, the incidence of mental illnesses such as insomnia, depression, and anxiety has increased year by year, which has led to a rapid increase in demand for and use of psychotropic drugs (PDs). 12 Unmetabolized PD products and inactive prodrugs are easily released into aquatic media through domestic, hospital, and pharmaceutical production wastes, as well as sewage treatment plant effluents, 13,14 which may pose a threat to nontarget aquatic organisms 16 by modulating and mimicking the effects of the neurotransmitter, such as serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine ).…”

“…Such disturbances affect the ability of cladocerans to adapt to a certain extent, which may in turn lead to maladaptive responses to changing environments. 10 It is therefore necessary to fully understand the ecological risks of emerging stressors to assess their impact on the inducible defenses (a typical example of its fitness performance) of cladocerans, which can mediate predator−prey dynamics and shape the stability of aquatic food chains. 10,11 With the increasing pressure of modern life, the incidence of mental illnesses such as insomnia, depression, and anxiety has increased year by year, which has led to a rapid increase in demand for and use of psychotropic drugs (PDs).…”

“…For example, toxic Microcystis , low calcium, light pollution, and microplastics can interfere with the expression of inducible defensive traits in cladocerans. Such disturbances affect the ability of cladocerans to adapt to a certain extent, which may in turn lead to maladaptive responses to changing environments . It is therefore necessary to fully understand the ecological risks of emerging stressors to assess their impact on the inducible defenses (a typical example of its fitness performance) of cladocerans, which can mediate predator–prey dynamics and shape the stability of aquatic food chains. , …”