Delicate changes of bioapatite mineral in pig femur with addition of dietary xylooligosaccharide: Evidences from Raman spectroscopy and ICP

Abstract

Bone mineral is strongly correlated with performance and health of animal bodies. The mineral bioapatite (BAp) is the dominant component in bone tissue. This study investigated mineralogical changes of BAp in pig femur by Raman spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The pigs had been raised with various xylooligosaccharide (XOS) additions at two stages of growth (growing and fattening periods). The results show that XOS can decrease the degree of carbonate substitution for PO in BAp mineral and improve the mineral's crystallinity. ICP data is consistent with the Raman results, that is the low solubility of bone BAp for pigs fed with XOS. Additionally, the effect of XOS is much better in the growing period (before 65 kg) than in the fattening period (after 65 kg). Moreover, the high addition of XOS (within the range of 0.1-0.5 g/kg) would be appropriate to improve the crystallinity of bone BAp. This study sheds light on applying Raman and ICP techniques to investigate the delicate changes of mineral in pig bones undergoing different managements.

Analysis of bone osteometry, mineralization, mechanical and histomorphometrical properties of tibiotarsus in broiler chickens demonstrates a influence of dietary chickpea seeds (Cicer arietinum L.) inclusion as a primary protein source

“…The changes of crystallinity or hydroxyapatite crystal domain size influence bone mechanical properties [35, 51, 52]. There are also some recent studies showing that dietary additives can influence bone crystals structure in pigs [53] or rats [22]. As shown by FT-IR and XRD analyses (Fig 3, Table 3) no differences in the degree of mineralization or hydroxyapatite crystallites structure were observed in our study.…”

Prebiotics, Bone and Mineral Metabolism

“…In comparison to other prebiotic oligosaccharides, XOS resulted in greater colonic total wet weight but had no effect on colon wall weight [ 68 ]. Interestingly, a very recent investigation of dietary XOS on bone mineral crystallinity in swine femurs suggests that XOS increases the crystallinity of bone and that the influence of XOS on bone may be more prevalent during periods of growth, as the effects were not seen in bones collected during later stages of life [ 69 ].…”

Effect of Xylo-Oligosaccharides Supplementation by Drinking Water on the Bone Properties and Related Calcium Transporters in Growing Mice

“…Similar to the breaking strength, femoral mineral crystallinity benefitted most in 4% XOS group. Moreover, it was not unexpected that the studied bone parameters enhanced significantly in the period of later growth because of the longer duration of administration [17].…”

“…One of these studies reported that the probiotics L. paracasei HII01, XOS, or both together as a biotic therapy produced similar potential enhancement of bone microarchitecture in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD), possibly by mitigating osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and promoting osteoblast-induced bone formation [16]. In addition, previous research into dietary XOS on bone mineral crystallinity in swine femurs suggested that XOS enhances the crystallinity of bone and that the effects of XOS on femurs may be more obvious during periods of early growth, while this influence was not observed in bones sampled during later growth [17]. These studies suggest that XOS may be involved in the absorption of minerals and improving bone health.…”