1983
DOI: 10.1177/009207038301100102
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Deliberation Revisited

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“…Stanovich () labeled rapid unconscious processing of information “System 1,” and slower, conscious processing as “System 2.” Researchers later defined System 1 as being intuitive and System 2 as being deliberative (Evans, ). The deliberative process requires highly demanding cognitive effort and conscious reasoning so as to frame cause and effect relationships (Lonial, ; Norris & Epstein, ). Deliberation relies on logical evidence and extended time to make judgments (Betsch, ), while intuition results in a feeling of knowing without knowing why and at the time cannot be rationally explained (Hodgkinson, Sadler‐Smith, Burke, Claxton, & Sparrow, ).…”
Section: Conceptual Backgroundmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Stanovich () labeled rapid unconscious processing of information “System 1,” and slower, conscious processing as “System 2.” Researchers later defined System 1 as being intuitive and System 2 as being deliberative (Evans, ). The deliberative process requires highly demanding cognitive effort and conscious reasoning so as to frame cause and effect relationships (Lonial, ; Norris & Epstein, ). Deliberation relies on logical evidence and extended time to make judgments (Betsch, ), while intuition results in a feeling of knowing without knowing why and at the time cannot be rationally explained (Hodgkinson, Sadler‐Smith, Burke, Claxton, & Sparrow, ).…”
Section: Conceptual Backgroundmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Consumer characteristics such as education, length of residence, marital status, income, household size, occupation, age, etc., are often associated with shopping deliberateness (Lonial, 1983;Miller and Zikmund, 1975;Newman, 1977). During the course of the study, data were collected on selected socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents.…”
Section: Socio-demographic Profilementioning
confidence: 99%
“…
Although a consensual definition is yet to emerge, shopping deliberateness refers to the pursuit, acquisition and use of information preceding and during a consumption act. As aptly observed by Newman (1977) and Lonial (1983), shopping deliberateness is a matter of degree and manifests itself in reading newspaper advertisements, preparing shopping lists, shopping at multiple stores, frequent shopping (Miller and Zikmund, 1975), consulting personal sources of information (Freiden and Goldsmith, 1989) and in-store comparisons (Yavas et al, 1976).
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mentioning
confidence: 99%