Deliberate self-harm in adolescent psychiatric outpatients in Singapore: prevalence and associated risk factors

Abstract

DSH is a significant clinical problem that may be influenced by biological and clinical factors. Adolescents presenting with DSH should be examined for mood and alcohol use disorders.

Deliberate self-harm among adolescent psychiatric outpatients in Singapore: prevalence, nature and risk factors

“…The prevalence of DSH in this study (23.1%) was similar to an earlier study in Singapore [ 18 ]. The consistency in this finding, in addition to the sizeable number of patients involved and the equal gender proportion in the current sample, contributes to the accuracy in estimating prevalence.…”

“…Consistent with the gender patterns reported in Western samples, adolescent females were also found to have significantly higher rates of DSH than adolescent males in Singapore [ 18 ], Japan [ 22 ] and Hong Kong [ 23 , 24 ]. In Singapore, one published study reported that 23.6% of adolescent patients at a psychiatric outpatient clinic engaged in DSH, and DSH was associated with female gender, mood disorders, adjustment disorders and alcohol use [ 18 ]. However, the authors did not examine the different types of DSH behaviours engaged and did not account for variables such as history of abuse and forensic history.…”

“…Research on the gender differences in adolescent DSH has been mixed. Some studies have indicated higher prevalence rates (up to threefold) in adolescent females compared to males [ 6 , 12 , 14 – 18 ], while others failed to report this gender difference [ 19 – 21 ]. Some studies have also noted gender over-representations in the type of adolescent DSH reported, with females reporting more cutting behaviours and males reporting more violence-related behaviours such as hitting, burning or aggressive driving [ 6 , 13 , 21 ].…”

Non-suicidal self-injury among psychiatric outpatient adolescent offspring of Croatian posttraumatic stress disorder male war veterans: Prevalence and psychosocial correlates

“…Thus, NSSI in outpatient adolescent children of PTSD male veterans may represent an attempt to express dissatisfaction with current environmental circumstances or solicit assistance from others. The prevalence of NSSI found in this study was higher in comparison with that in other studies reporting NSSI among adolescents in outpatient setting (Díaz de Neira et al, 2013;Esposito-Smythers et al, 2010;Loh, Teo, & Lim, 2013). This discrepancy might be explained by different cultural background factors in Croatia or it might possibly be an indicator for the increased incidence of NSSI among adolescent children of PTSD male veterans.…”

Factors associated with different smoking status in European adolescents: results of the SEYLE study

“…Brunner and colleagues [ 54 ] recently reported an obvious association between adolescent smoking and direct self-injurious behavior (D-SIB). Others, however, ascertained no significant association between smoking and SIB in both genders [ 52 ] or at least in boys [ 55 , 56 ].…”