Deletion Variants of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus from Humans, Jordan, 2015

Lamers, Mart M.; Raj, V. Stalin; Shafei, M; Ali, Sami Sheikh; Abdallh, Sultan M.; Gazo, Mahmoud; Nofal, Samer; Lu, Xiaoyan; Erdman, Dean D.; Koopmans, Marion; Abdallat, Mohammad; Haddadin, Aktham; Haagmans, Bart L.

doi:10.3201/eid2204.152065

Cited by 38 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The phylogenetic analysis of the partial S2 sequences placed the novel Jordanian viruses within the B1 cluster representing contemporary camel and human MERS-CoVs. Three sequences were identical to spike S2 sequences of human isolates of MERS-CoV obtained in Jordan in 2015 (Lamers et al 2016). Twelve samples differed by two synonymous mutations (C23837T, T24074G), whereas the remaining samples contained a mixture of 24074T and 24074G combined with 23837T.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

High Prevalence of Middle East Respiratory Coronavirus in Young Dromedary Camels in Jordan

DoremalenNeeltje

HijazeenZaidoun

Holloway

et al. 2017

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Prevalence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was determined in 45 dromedary camels from two geographically separated herds in Jordan. Virus shedding was only detected in swabs obtained from the respiratory tract and primarily observed in camels younger than 3 years. MERS-CoV seroprevalence increased with age of camels. Bovine and sheep sera were seronegative. Phylogenetic analysis of partial S2 clustered the Jordanian MERS-CoV strains with contemporary MERS-CoV strains associated with nosocomial outbreaks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

High Prevalence of Middle East Respiratory Coronavirus in Young Dromedary Camels in Jordan

DoremalenNeeltje

HijazeenZaidoun

Holloway

et al. 2017

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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“…These accessory proteins are believed to have immunoevasive properties, but are not essential for replication, and are variably deleted in human and camel virus isolates. [128][129][130] Genomic replication occurs on membrane structures such as double membrane vesicles (DMVs), convoluted membranes (CM), and vesicle packets (VP), which are merged DMV 131 that have been formed from the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) by the combined action of nsp3, nsp4, and nsp6 (lower right). After synthesis on replicase-transcription complexes, RNA is encapsidated by the N protein and transported to the ERGIC (endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi compartment), where budding into membranes containing the S, E, and M proteins occurs before release from the cell.…”

Section: Sources Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle East respiratory syndrome

et al. 2020

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The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a lethal zoonotic pathogen that was first identified in humans in Saudi Arabia and Jordan in 2012. Intermittent sporadic cases, community clusters, and nosocomial outbreaks of MERS-CoV continue to occur. Between April 2012 and December 2019, 2499 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection, including 858 deaths (34·3% mortality) were reported from 27 countries to WHO, the majority of which were reported by Saudi Arabia (2106 cases, 780 deaths). Large outbreaks of human-to-human transmission have occurred, the largest in Riyadh and Jeddah in 2014 and in South Korea in 2015. MERS-CoV remains a high-threat pathogen identified by WHO as a priority pathogen because it causes severe disease that has a high mortality rate, epidemic potential, and no medical countermeasures. This Seminar provides an update on the current knowledge and perspectives on MERS epidemiology, virology, mode of transmission, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical features, management, infection control, development of new therapeutics and vaccines, and highlights unanswered questions and priorities for research, improved management, and prevention.

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“…Sequencing performed by Lamers et al [6] on samples from 13 outbreak cases found the virus to be associated with a novel recombinant clade that predominated in Saudi Arabia in 2015 [7] and was exported to South Korea and China [8]. Importantly, genetic analysis also revealed 2 unique mutations resulting from substantial deletion events-a 48-nucleotide (nt) in-frame deletion in accessory open reading frame (ORF) 4a present in sequences from 13 outbreak cases and an additional 9-nt in-frame deletion in ORF3 in a subset of case specimens collected later in the outbreak-leading the authors to conclude that all cases were infected following a single introduction of the virus [6]. We conducted an investigation that included additional viral genome and serologic analysis to describe the transmission patterns and epidemiology of MERS-CoV deletion variants during the 2015 Jordan outbreak.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multihospital Outbreak of a Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Deletion Variant, Jordan: A Molecular, Serologic, and Epidemiologic Investigation

Payne

Biggs

Alabdallat

et al. 2018

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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BackgroundAn outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Jordan in 2015 involved a variant virus that acquired distinctive deletions in the accessory open reading frames. We conducted a molecular and seroepidemiologic investigation to describe the deletion variant’s transmission patterns and epidemiology.MethodsWe reviewed epidemiologic and medical chart data and analyzed viral genome sequences from respiratory specimens of MERS-CoV cases. In early 2016, sera and standardized interviews were obtained from MERS-CoV cases and their contacts. Sera were evaluated by nucleocapsid and spike protein enzyme immunoassays and microneutralization.ResultsAmong 16 cases, 11 (69%) had health care exposure and 5 (31%) were relatives of a known case; 13 (81%) were symptomatic, and 7 (44%) died. Genome sequencing of MERS-CoV from 13 cases revealed 3 transmissible deletions associated with clinical illness during the outbreak. Deletion variant sequences were epidemiologically clustered and linked to a common transmission chain. Interviews and sera were collected from 2 surviving cases, 23 household contacts, and 278 health care contacts; 1 (50%) case, 2 (9%) household contacts, and 3 (1%) health care contacts tested seropositive.ConclusionsThe MERS-CoV deletion variants retained human-to-human transmissibility and caused clinical illness in infected persons despite accumulated mutations. Serology suggested limited transmission beyond that detected during the initial outbreak investigation.

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Deletion Variants of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus from Humans, Jordan, 2015

Cited by 38 publications

References 12 publications

High Prevalence of Middle East Respiratory Coronavirus in Young Dromedary Camels in Jordan

High Prevalence of Middle East Respiratory Coronavirus in Young Dromedary Camels in Jordan

Middle East respiratory syndrome

Multihospital Outbreak of a Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Deletion Variant, Jordan: A Molecular, Serologic, and Epidemiologic Investigation

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