Delayed-shot 3D depth migration

Zhang, Yu; Sun, James; Notfors, Carl; Gray, Samuel H.; Chernis, Leon; Young, Jerry

doi:10.1190/1.2057980

Cited by 106 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the discrete form used in practice, a sufficient numbers of P value needed to make the two images equivalent. Zhang et al discussed the number of angles N p needed and sampling interval ∆p in practical applications [4] …”

Section: Plane Wave Migration In Isotropic Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, wave equation methods are far more expensive, for which, many scholars have investigated the potential of plane wave migration to improve the efficiency of wave equation migration. Berkhout [1] proposed areal shot migration; Zhang S L et al [2] implemented the plane wave Fourier finite-difference migration; Chen S C et al [3] achieved plane wave depth migration; Zhang et al [4] achieved 3D delay-shot migration; Stoffa et al [5] migrated the common super-receiver gathers and common super-shot gathers respectively, and then stacked them together to improve the imaging accuracy; Cui X F et al [6] analyzed AVA and sub-angle imaging via plane wave migration; Ye Y M [7] studied plane wave migration under the irregular surface condition. Shan et al [8] developed plane wave migration in tilt coordinate system to improve the accuracy of large angle imaging; Wang H Z et al [9] achieved offset plane wave finite difference time migration; Chen S C and Ma Z T [10] made a general description of such superposition of seismic data from the perspective of linear superposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shan et al [8] developed plane wave migration in tilt coordinate system to improve the accuracy of large angle imaging; Wang H Z et al [9] achieved offset plane wave finite difference time migration; Chen S C and Ma Z T [10] made a general description of such superposition of seismic data from the perspective of linear superposition. Plane wave migration can also produce common incidence angle gathers naturally, which can be used to update the velocity [4] . However, the usual discusses on plane wave migration are in isotropic media, not taking into account the effects of anisotropy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implicit Finite‐Difference Plane Wave Migration in TTI Media

Han²,

Gong³

et al. 2011

Chinese J of Geophysics

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Implicit finite-difference (IFD) extrapolation operator and plane wave migration in TTI media are studied in this paper. Compared to isotropic and VTI media, the dispersion relation of TTI media is much more complicated. It is difficult to get the explicit expression of the dispersion relations. It needs no longer only a symmetrical even function like isotropic and VTI media but also an odd function to express the dispersion relations. We design TTI medium IFD wave-field extrapolation operator and solve operator coefficients by nonlinear optimization method. We combine the theory of plane wave migration in isotropic media with the IFD operator in TTI media and extend plane wave migration to TTI media. Comparing the dispersion curves and migration impulse response of the IFD extrapolation operator with the theoretical solution verifies the high accuracy of the operator. Synthetic P-wave data from full elastic TTI equation modeling followed by polarization analysis verifies the accuracy and effectiveness of the method.

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Section: Plane Wave Migration In Isotropic Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implicit Finite‐Difference Plane Wave Migration in TTI Media

Han²,

Gong³

et al. 2011

Chinese J of Geophysics

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“…For such surveys, efficient implementation of OWEM algorithms can be built either for common-shot migration (Romero et al, 2000) or plane-wave migration (Duquet et al, 2001;Zhang et al, 2005;Liu et al, 2006;Soubaras, 2006). There are two major limitations of OWEM algorithms: (1) turning waves are missing in the wave-propagation simulation, which results in the poor imaging of the steep dip events around 90 , and (2) the wave-propagation synthesis only ensures the accuracy of the phase of the wavefield, whereas the amplitudes of the wavefield are much less reliable and need further correction (Zhang, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D angle gathers from reverse time migration

Xu¹,

Zhang²,

Tang³

2011

GEOPHYSICS

Self Cite

226

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Common-image gathers are an important output of prestack depth migration. They provide information needed for velocity model building and amplitude and phase information for subsurface attribute interpretation. Conventionally, common-image gathers are computed using Kirchhoff migration on commonoffset/azimuth data volumes. When geologic structures are complex and strong contrasts exist in the velocity model, the complicated wave behaviors will create migration artifacts in the image gathers. As long as the gather output traces are indexed by any surface attribute, such as source location, receiver location, or surface plane-wave direction, they suffer from the migration artifacts caused by multiple raypaths. These problems have been addressed in a significant amount of work, resulting in common-image gathers computed in the reflection angle domain, whose traces are indexed by the subsurface reflection angle and/or the subsurface azimuth angle.Most of these efforts have concentrated on Kirchhoff and oneway wave-equation migration methods. For reverse time migration, subsurface angle gathers can be produced using the same approach as that used for one-way wave-equation migration. However, these approaches need to be revisited when producing high-quality subsurface angle gathers in three dimensions (reflection angle/azimuth angle), especially for wide-azimuth data. We have developed a method for obtaining 3D subsurface reflection angle/azimuth angle common-image gathers specifically for the amplitude-preserved reverse time migration. The method builds image gathers with a highdimensional convolution of wavefields in the wavenumber domain. We have found a windowed antileakage Fourier transform method that leads to an efficient and practical implementation. This approach has generated high-resolution angle-domain gathers on synthetic 2.5D data and 3D wideazimuth real data.

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“…Here, we use the word ‘shot’ in its broader sense to include synthetic shot‐gathers like plane‐wave sources (Whitmore, ; Zhang et al . ; Liu et al . ; Stoffa et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavefield tomography based on local image correlations

Perrone¹,

Sava

Panizzardi

2014

Geophysical Prospecting

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The estimation of a velocity model from seismic data is a crucial step for obtaining a high-quality image of the subsurface. Velocity estimation is usually formulated as an optimization problem where an objective function measures the mismatch between synthetic and recorded wavefields and its gradient is used to update the model. The objective function can be defined in the data-space (as in full-waveform inversion) or in the image space (as in migration velocity analysis). In general, the latter leads to smooth objective functions, which are monomodal in a wider basin about the global minimum compared to the objective functions defined in the dataspace. Nonetheless, migration velocity analysis requires construction of commonimage gathers at fixed spatial locations and subsampling of the image in order to assess the consistency between the trial velocity model and the observed data. We present an objective function that extracts the velocity error information directly in the image domain without analysing the information in common-image gathers. In order to include the full complexity of the wavefield in the velocity estimation algorithm, we consider a two-way (as opposed to one-way) wave operator, we do not linearize the imaging operator with respect to the model parameters (as in linearized wave-equation migration velocity analysis) and compute the gradient of the objective function using the adjoint-state method. We illustrate our methodology with a few synthetic examples and test it on a real 2D marine streamer data set.

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Delayed-shot 3D depth migration

Cited by 106 publications

References 12 publications

Implicit Finite‐Difference Plane Wave Migration in TTI Media

Implicit Finite‐Difference Plane Wave Migration in TTI Media

3D angle gathers from reverse time migration

Wavefield tomography based on local image correlations

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