Delayed reinforcement – does it affect learning?

Browne, Clare M.; Starkey, Nicola J.; Foster, Timothy; McEwan, James

doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2013.04.039

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Grice 1948). Laboratory studies suggest that animals learn most quickly when they receive immediate consequences after performing a desired behaviour, but learn more slowly (as reviewed by Lattal 2010) or fail to learn the task at all (Browne et al 2013) when the consequences are delayed even by a very short interval. The use of a predictor signal, such as the clicker, that predicts the presentation of a subsequent reward, can mitigate the detrimental effects of delayed primary reinforcement (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing trainers’ reports of clicker use to the use of clickers in applied research studies: methodological differences may explain conflicting results

2017

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Clicker training refers to an animal training technique, derived from laboratory-based studies of animal learning and behaviour, in which a reward-predicting signal is delivered immediately following performance of a desired behaviour, and is subsequently followed by a reward. While clicker training is popular amongst dog training practitioners, scientific evaluation in applied settings has been largely unsuccessful in replicating the benefits of reward-predicting signals seen in laboratory animal studies. Here we present an analysis of dog trainers’ advice and perceptions, conducted to better understand clicker training as it occurs in the dog training industry. Twenty-five sources (13 interviews with dog trainers, 5 websites, and 7 books) were analysed using a deductive content analysis procedure. We found that, for many sources, “clicker training” referred not only to the technique, but also to a philosophy of training that emphasises positive reinforcement and the deliberate application of Learning Theory principles. Many sources reported that clicker training was fun, for both dog and handler, but that it could be frustrating for handlers to learn and sometimes cumbersome to juggle the extra equipment. In addition, while most sources recommended clicker training particularly when training new behaviours, many stated that it was no longer needed once the dog had learned the desired behaviour. When comparing industry recommendations to methods used in applied studies, different criteria were used for predictor signal conditioning. Inadequate conditioning of the predictor signal in empirical evaluations could partly explain the lack of learning benefits in applied studies. While future research is needed to verify the practitioner beliefs in a wider population, these results provide an in-depth description of what clicker training is, at least for the sources analysed, and a potential starting point for understanding methodological factors that could contribute to previous studies’ failure to demonstrate the benefits purported to exist by industry practitioners.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing trainers’ reports of clicker use to the use of clickers in applied research studies: methodological differences may explain conflicting results

2017

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“…En años siguientes, evidencia reportada por Browne et al (2013) indica que el retraso del refuerzo tiene un impacto en el aprendizaje de algunos caninos al realizar nuevas tareas. No obstante, las características de la formación y la entrega oportuna del refuerzo parecen no ser consistentes en todos los perros, por lo tanto, concluyen que el momento preciso para dar el refuerzo es una variable que condiciona el éxito del entrenamiento; en tal sentido, en la interacción entre el animal, el entrenador y el dispositivo es importante considerar estos aspectos con el fin de incrementar el éxito del procedimiento.…”

Section: Figura 3 Evolución Del Número De Publicaciones Asociadas Con...unclassified

Rol de los dispositivos para entrenar caninos empleados para la seguridad y defensa nacional: una revisión sistemática de la literatura de los últimos veinte años

et al. 2022

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El entrenamiento de los caninos de trabajo emplea diversos mecanismos de condicionamiento, los cuales permiten un rendimiento posterior superior, contrarrestando el sistema de drogas ilícitas, las organizaciones criminales, los grupos armados organizados (GAO) y residuales (GAOr), garantizando la seguridad y convivencia ciudadana en Colombia. Por lo anterior, se propone un enfoque cualitativo empleando una revisión sistemática de la literatura, con el objetivo de analizar el rol de la tecnología y aparatos para adiestrar caninos detectores, entre los años 2000 y 2020 dentro de las bases de datos Scopus, Elsevier y Scielo. Como resultados, se observa un aumento en la producción de artículos entre los años 2000 y 2019 (pasando de seis artículos a 86, respectivamente). Además, dentro de las herramientas empleadas en los estudios se encuentran las cajas; clickers; collares electrónicos y carruseles, los cuales discriminan el olor, utilizando sistemas de refuerzo, con diferencias dependiendo del tipo de estudio, el número de animales y el objetivo de entrenamiento. Como conclusión, es necesario desarrollar prototipos adecuados según las necesidades de entrenamiento en cada contexto, continuando con estudios que integren efectivamente los estímulos y los sistemas de recompensa para impactar los resultados en el rendimiento del perro de trabajo.

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“…Although delayed rewarding is well known in practice, in order not to confuse the dogs most rewarding should directly follow a correct indication in the lineup. The sniffing of scent samples in the lineup takes only seconds and an imprecise rewarding technique may confuse the dog (see Browne et al 2013, Browne 2014, finding that a delay in reinforcement as short as 1 second can impair learning).…”

Section: Timing Of Rewardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scent lineups compared across eleven countries: Looking for the future of a controversial forensic technique

Ferry

Ensminger

Schoon³

et al. 2019

Forensic Science International

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A scent lineup is generally a procedure whereby a dog's alerting behavior is used to establish that the dog detects two scents, one from a crime scene and one from a suspect, as being identical. The aim of this article is to compare methodologies of using dogs in scent lineups as a means of identifying perpetrators of crimes. It is hoped that this comparative approach, looking at countries where the method is currently or has in the past been used, will help determine what issues should be addressed in order to assure that the scent lineup will have a future as a forensic technique. Participants from eleven countries-Belgium,

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Delayed reinforcement – does it affect learning?

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Comparing trainers’ reports of clicker use to the use of clickers in applied research studies: methodological differences may explain conflicting results

Comparing trainers’ reports of clicker use to the use of clickers in applied research studies: methodological differences may explain conflicting results

Rol de los dispositivos para entrenar caninos empleados para la seguridad y defensa nacional: una revisión sistemática de la literatura de los últimos veinte años

Scent lineups compared across eleven countries: Looking for the future of a controversial forensic technique

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