Delayed production of sulfuric acid condensation nuclei in the polar stratosphere from El Chichon volcanic vapors

Hofmann, D. J.; Rosen, James M.; Gringel, W.

doi:10.1029/jd090id01p02341

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It is a useful indicator of pre-eruptive activity (Caltabiano et al, 1994;Edmonds et al, 2003;Sutton et al, 2001), whilst being an active agent of global climate change (Robock, 2000;Robock & Mao,1995) and imposing adverse effects on local environments (Delmelle et al, 2002). Volcanic SO 2 emissions impact atmospheric composition, which in turn can influence the environment at a range of scales, through acid rain production (Hoffman et al, 1985) and the formation of aerosols which have regional, if not global, climatic implications, (King et al, 1992;Robock 2000). Furthermore, quantification of SO 2 emissions provides an insight into volcanic processes (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-sensor comparison of sulphur dioxide emissions from the 2005 eruption of Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos Islands

Thomas

Watson

Kearney

et al. 2009

Remote Sensing of Environment

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-sensor comparison of sulphur dioxide emissions from the 2005 eruption of Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos Islands

Thomas

Watson

Kearney

et al. 2009

Remote Sensing of Environment

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“…In the atmosphere, oxidation of SO 2 into sulfuric acid forms aerosols by homogeneous nucleation (Kulmala et al, 1998) or condensation on preexisting aerosols (Seinfeld and Pandis, 2006;Martin et al, 2008;Stevenson et al, 2003). Through aqueous processes, SO 2 can also form acid rain (Hoffman et al, 1985;Stevenson et al, 2003). On the global scale, Penner et al (2001) have estimated that the source of volcanic sulfur in the atmosphere ranges from 6 to 20 Tg of sulfur per year (TgS yr −1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large scale modeling of the transport, chemical transformation and mass budget of the sulfur emitted during the April 2007 eruption of Piton de la Fournaise

Tulet

Villeneuve

2011

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. In April 2007, the Piton de la Fournaise volcano (Réunion island) entered into its biggest eruption recorded in the last century. Due to the absence of a sensors network in the vicinity of the volcano, an estimation of degassing during the paroxysmal phase of the event has not been performed. Nevertheless, the SO 2 plume and aerosols have been observed by the OMI and CALIOP space sensors, respectively. The mesoscale chemical model MesoNH-C simulates the observed bulk mass of SO 2 and the general shape of the SO 2 plume spreading over the Indian Ocean. Moreover, an analysis of the SO 2 plume budget estimates a total SO 2 release of 230 kt, among of which 60 kt have been transformed into H 2 SO 4 . 27 kt of SO 2 and 21 kt of H 2 SO 4 have been deposited at the surface by dry deposition. With this top down approach, the temporal evolution of the SO 2 emission has been estimated during the most active period of the eruption. The peak of degassing was estimated at 1800 kg s −1 in the morning of 6 April. The temporal evolution of SO 2 emission presented here can also be used for local studies.

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“…Trajectory analysis also provides evidence to suggest that enhanced CN layers in midlatitudes, may be influenced by stratospheric warming in the high northern latitudes, evaporation of pre-existing aerosol, and new nucleation as the air parcel cools and is transported to the observation point above Laramie. This theory was first suggested during the 1980s [14] .…”

Section: Volatility Formation and Impactmentioning

confidence: 94%

Stratospheric condensation nuclei: A climatology in the mid-latitude and Antarctic regions

Campbell¹,

Deshler²

2013

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Balloon-borne stratospheric condensation nuclei (CN) measurements are presented since 1982 over Laramie, Wyoming (41°N) and since 1986 over McMurdo Station, Antarctica (78°S). In the Antarctic region, the climatology shows the formation of a ubiquitous stratospheric CN layer between 21 -27 km around mid August, reaching its maximum extent between September and early October. CN concentrations increase from 10 -20 cm -3 to over 100 cm -3 . In the northern mid-latitudes, the climatology shows a quasi-annual and smaller CN increase (3-10 cm -3 to over 20 cm -3 ), which is observed between 25 -31 km in late winter and early spring. Major volcanic eruptions appear to enhance CN layers over Laramie and McMurdo. The Arctic Oscillation (AO) generally correlates with the magnitude of the Laramie CN layer, suggesting the importance of meridional transport. Volatility measurements and nucleation modeling support a sulfuric acid and water composition, and binary homogeneous nucleation as the primary CN formation mechanism in both locations. Bi-monthly CN measurements above Laramie support coagulation as the main reason for the dissipation of the CN layer, and suggest that the layer has a global extent. This topic is further investigated using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) coupled with the Community Aerosol and Radiation Model for Atmospheres (CARMA). Air parcel trajectory analyses indicated that Arctic conditions and the associated ambient temperature changes during transport to Laramie, impacts the magnitude of the mid-latitude CN layer. The CN layer over Antarctica may be associated with the decrease in springtime ozone loss above 20 km.

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Delayed production of sulfuric acid condensation nuclei in the polar stratosphere from El Chichon volcanic vapors

Abstract: Using balloon-borne condensation nu-remainder of the year.

Cited by 48 publications

References 21 publications

A multi-sensor comparison of sulphur dioxide emissions from the 2005 eruption of Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos Islands

A multi-sensor comparison of sulphur dioxide emissions from the 2005 eruption of Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos Islands

Large scale modeling of the transport, chemical transformation and mass budget of the sulfur emitted during the April 2007 eruption of Piton de la Fournaise

Stratospheric condensation nuclei: A climatology in the mid-latitude and Antarctic regions

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