Delayed potentiation effects on neuromuscular performance after optimal load and high load resistance priming sessions using velocity loss

Abstract

Aim: (i) to compare the effects of two different low-volume resistance priming sessions, where the external load is modified on neuromuscular performance after 6 h of rest; and (ii) to identify the effects on psychological readiness in participants with resistance training experience. Methods: Eleven participants (Body mass: 77.0 ± 8.9 kg; Body height: 1.76 ± 0.08 m; Half squat repetition maximum: 139.8 ± 22.4 kg) performed the priming session under three experimental conditions in a randomized and cross-over design during the morning. The control (CON) condition: no resistance training, "optimal load" (OL) condition: two half-squat sets with a velocity loss of around 20% were performed with the "optimal load", and 80% of repetition maximum (80% RM) condition: 2 half-squat sets with a velocity loss of around 20% were performed with the 80% RM. Countermovement jump (CMJ), mean power with OL (MP OL) and 80% RM (MP 80RM), and mean velocity with OL (MV OL) and 80% RM (MV 80RM) were assessed six hours after the intervention. Subjective readiness was also recorded prior to resistance training and evaluation. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: CMJ was higher after the 80% RM intervention than CON (p < 0.001; Δ = 6.5% [3.4-9.5]). MP OL and MV OL seemed to be unaffected by both morning sessions. Higher MP 80RM (p = 0.044; Δ = 9.7% [4.0-15.6]; d = 0.24[0.10-0.37]) and MV 80RM (p = 0.004; Δ = 8.1% [3.2-13.3]; d = 0.32[0.13-0.52]) after 80% RM than after CON were observed. No effect was observed on psychological readiness. Conclusions: 80% RM priming session increased CMJ height and the capacity to generate power and velocity under a high-load condition without any effect on psychological readiness.

Caffeine Doses of 3 mg/kg Increase Unilateral and Bilateral Vertical Jump Outcomes in Elite Traditional Jiu-Jitsu Athletes

“…All participants carried out the jumps at the same time of day. The same standardized warm-up was performed before each session which included 5 min of cycling with a rate of perceived exertion (RPE) of 5/10, 3 min of hip, knee and ankle mobility and 10 bodyweight squats [ 18 ]. Participants followed the instructions to jump as high as possible and received the same verbal encouragement during the trials.…”

Effects of Resistance Priming Exercise on Within-day Jumping Performance and its Relationship with Strength Level

“…An a-priori sample size estimation revealed that a minimum of six participants were required for a within-factors repeated measures ANOVA assuming a partial eta-squared (η 2 ) of 0.533 for CMJ [7], with a repeated measures Pearson´s correlation of 0.98 and values of 5% and 1% for type I and type II errors, respectively. However, 14 active young participants (10 males and 4 females), were recruited for this study (Mean±SD: body mass (BM): 73.2±13.4 kg; height: the informed consent and performed a standardized warm-up as previously described [7]. After warming-up, participants performed three CMJs with 30 seconds rest between attempts.…”

“…jumping strategy (Table 3). To our knowledge, only a handful of studies have evaluated different vertical jump metrics after velocity-based resistance priming exercises [7,10,26].…”

“…Given known detrimental effects of fatigue on performance, research has also considered controlling for fatigue during the priming exercise. Specifically, González-García et al, [7] used a velocitybased repetition cutoff approach, however, showed inconsistent performance enhancement in CMJ height amongst participants as a result of inter-individual variability.…”

“…As priming exercise appears to exert a positive delayed effect on physical performance for some, but not all athletes [7], understanding the relationship between an athlete's…”