Delayed Flood for Management of Rice Water Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Impacts of Seeding Rate on Interactions Between Rice and Rice Water Weevils

“…Given the modest reduction in weevil numbers associated with shallow flooding and the non-significant increase in yield, it is clear that a shallow flood would not be a substitute for chemical control, but it may serve as a valuable component of an integrated pest management system. Other cultural practices that could be used in conjunction with a shallow flood include: avoiding planting at low seeding rates (Thompson and Quisenberry 1995;Stout et al 2009), delaying the permanent flood to allow plants to develop a robust root system and become more tolerant to L. oryzophilus injury (Stout et al 2002a), selecting a planting date appropriate to the area Espino et al 2009;Stout et al 2011), and choosing a variety that is more tolerant to weevil injury Rice et al 1999;Stout et al 2001;Bernhardt and Richards 2003;Tindall et al 2004). A shallow flood is more likely to be beneficial in areas that have historically low infestation levels.…”

“…One example of a semi-aquatic pest for which flooding intensifies problems is the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (Kuschel) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Rice et al 1999;Zou et al 2004). L. oryzophilus is the most destructive insect pest of rice in the USA (Way 1990).…”

“…Manipulating water such that plants are older when floods are established can aid in reduction of L. oryzophilus damage because older plants are better able to tolerate injury from weevil larvae than younger plants (Stout et al 2002a) and are less preferred for oviposition (Bang and Tugwell 1976). Delayed flood can be accomplished by adopting drillseeding practices instead of water-seeding rice, or delaying flooding in water-seeded rice from the 2-3 leaf stage to the 4-5 leaf stage (Rice et al 1999;Zou et al 2004;Bernhardt 2006). The recent introduction of herbicidetolerant varieties has allowed more flexible water management (i.e., drill-seeded rice) (Rice et al 1999;Tindall et al 2004).…”

“…Delayed flood can be accomplished by adopting drillseeding practices instead of water-seeding rice, or delaying flooding in water-seeded rice from the 2-3 leaf stage to the 4-5 leaf stage (Rice et al 1999;Zou et al 2004;Bernhardt 2006). The recent introduction of herbicidetolerant varieties has allowed more flexible water management (i.e., drill-seeded rice) (Rice et al 1999;Tindall et al 2004). …”

Feeding, oviposition and survival of overwintered rice water weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) adults in response to nitrogen fertilization of rice at seedling stage

“…Water management can not only affect absorption patterns of nitrogen by plants, but can also affect adult infestation pattern, larval developmental rate and population dynamics of this weevil. Based upon these relationships, both plant date and water management have been regarded as potential control tactics of the weevil in the United States (Morgan et al, 1989;Hesler et al, 1992;Quisenberry et al, 1992;Thompson et al, 1994a, b;Rice et al, 1999). This indicates the opportunity of integrating nitrogen management with other cultural practices to establish a cultural control system of this pest.…”