Delay in Maturation of the Auditory Pathway and its Relationship to Language Acquisition Disorders

Fuess, Vera Lucia Ribeiro; Bento, Ricardo Ferreira; Silveira, José Alexandre Médicis da

doi:10.1177/014556130208101011

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…There is some evidence that suggests that auditory dysfunction may be associated with later language development. (13–15) Despite supporting evidence and strong biological plausibility, the lack of association between hyperbilirubinemia and language development is intriguing and perplexing. One plausible explanation for this lack of association can be based on the free (or unbound) bilirubin theory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hyperbilirubinemia and Language Delay in Premature Infants

2009

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Objective To evaluate if language delay at three years in premature infants is associated with prior exposure to hyperbilirubinemia during the first two weeks after birth. Patients and Methods We performed retrospective case-control study of infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between January and October 2003. Inclusion criteria included a birth weight ≤ 1500 grams and follow-up to age three years. Exclusion criteria included genetic disorders and hearing loss or recurrent ear infections. Peak total serum bilirubin (TSB) during the first two weeks and duration of hyperbilirubinemia (days with TSB > 8 mg/dl) were determined. Infants with language delay and receiving speech therapy by three years were identified through developmental clinic charts and tracking program and compared to infants who had normal language development. Results 125 infants with birth weight ≤ 1500 grams were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between January and October 2003. Fifteen infants died and 110 were discharged home. 102/110 (93%) of infants had follow-up to age three years. Four infants were excluded (1 genetic disorder, 3 delayed hearing loss or recurrent ear infections). 24 infants had a language delay and received speech therapy while 74 infants had normal language development. There was no significant difference in peak TSB and duration of hyperbilirubinemia between the two groups. On logistic regression, only bronchopulmonary dysplasia was associated with language delay (Adjusted odds ratio 7.3, 95% confidence interval 2.5 – 22). Conclusions Hyperbilirubinemia defined as peak TSB level or duration of elevated bilirubin in days is not associated with language delay in premature infants. However, this issue deserves investigation since other measures of bilirubin, such as unbound bilirubin may be associated with language delay.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(10–12) Studies in neonates and children have associated auditory dysfunction as evaluated by auditory brainstem evoked response with developmental language disorders. (13–15)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperbilirubinemia and Language Delay in Premature Infants

2009

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“…Lightfoot and Kennedy, 2006; Hyde, 1997) and can be reliably recorded in individuals with varying degrees of hearing loss when sound is delivered through a hearing aid (Souza and Tremblay, 2006; Tremblay et al, 2006; Korczak et al, 2005). The P1-N1-P2 complex has been used to explore differences in how acoustic stimuli are processed within the auditory system by groups of normally hearing listeners as opposed to those with learning and/or central auditory processing disorders (Sabisch et al, 2006; Delb et al, 2003; Fuess et al, 2002; King et al, 2002; Maison et al, 1996; Tonnguist-Uhlen, 1996). Additionally, auditory training has been shown to influence both the amplitude and latency of the P1, N1 and P2 potentials (Hayes et al, 2003; Tremblay and Kraus, 2002; Tremblay et al, 2001; Tremblay, Kraus and McGee, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Electrically Evoked Auditory Change Complex: Preliminary Results from Nucleus Cochlear Implant Users

Brown

Etler

He³

et al. 2008

Ear &Amp; Hearing

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Objectives-The purpose of this study was to determine if changes in the position of the stimulating electrode in the cochlea could be used to elicit the electrically evoked auditory change complex (EACC) from Nucleus cochlear implant users.Design-Nine postlingually deafened adults participated in this study. Each study participant had been using his or her Nucleus CI24 cochlear implant for at least 3 months prior to testing. The speech processor was bypassed and the output of the implanted receiver/stimulator was controlled directly. The stimulus was a 600 ms burst of a biphasic pulse train (1000 pps). In control conditions, the stimulating electrode was held constant and stimulation continued throughout the 600 ms recording interval. In experimental conditions, the EACC was elicited by introducing a change in the stimulating electrode 300 ms after the onset of the pulse train. The EACC was recorded using surface electrodes. Three recordings of 100 sweeps each were obtained for each stimulus condition. Bandpass filtering (1 -100 Hz) was used to minimize contamination of the recordings by stimulus artifact. Averaged responses were then smoothed using a 40 ms wide boxcar filter and standard peak picking procedures were used to analyze these responses in the time domain.Results-In each case, a clear onset response (P1-N1-P2) was recorded. In the experimental conditions, a second evoked potential, the EACC, was also recorded following the change in stimulating electrode. This second response had general morphologic characteristics that were very similar to those of the onset response. Increasing the separation between the two stimulating electrodes in the experimental conditions resulted in a general trend toward increased EACC amplitudes.Conclusions-This report describes results of a set of experiments in which the speech processor of the cochlear implant was bypassed and the EACC was recorded in response to a change in stimulating electrode position. EACC amplitude was shown to increase as the separation between the two stimulating electrodes increased. While preliminary in nature, these results demonstrate the Correspondence: Carolyn J. Brown, PhD, 127B SHC, Dept. Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, Phone: 319-335-8734, Fax: 319-335-8851, Email: carolyn-brown@uiowa.edu. Reprints: Use address listed above for correspondence Electrically evoked, auditory potentials were measured from Nucleus cochlear implant users. The speech processor was bypassed and the implanted electronics were controlled directly. A 600 ms train of biphasic current pulses was presented. In experimental conditions, the stimulus train included a change in the stimulating electrode position. The amplitude of the responses that were elicited by this change in electrode location tended to increase as the distance between the two stimulating electrodes increased. These results suggest that it may be feasible to use electrophysiologic techniques to assess sensitivity to change in various aspects of an ong...

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“…(5) Thirdly, auditory neural myelination which relates to the speed and timing of the conduction of auditory signals from periphery to auditory cortex is essential for normal language development. (3, 17, 39-49) Furthermore, because early intervention may help to improve language outcome and related academic performance at school age, it is critical to identify premature infants at risk for language delay before discharge. Our finding of the association of central nerve conduction velocity or IPL during the neonatal period with subsequent language outcome at 3 years of age is consistent with previously reported findings in premature infants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory neural myelination is associated with early childhood language development in premature infants

Amin

Vogler-Elias²,

Orlando

et al. 2014

Early Human Development

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Background Auditory neural myelination (ANM) as evaluated by auditory brainstem evoked response (ABR) during the neonatal period has been used as a surrogate outcome for long-term neurodevelopment. The validity of ANM as a surrogate outcome for long-term neurodevelopment has not been well studied. Aim Evaluate the association of ABR I-V interpeak latency (IPL), an index of ANM, at 35 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) with language outcome at 3 years of age. Design Prospective study Subjects 24 -33 weeks gestational age (GA) infants were eligible if they did not meet exclusion criteria: craniofacial malformation, chromosomal disorders, deafness, auditory dys-synchrony, TORCH infection, or non-English speaking parents. Infants with malignancy, head injury, encephalopathy, meningitis, blindness, or who died or relocated were also excluded. Outcome Measures ABRs were performed at 35 weeks PMA using 80 db nHL and I-V IPL (ms) measured. Auditory Comprehension (AC) and Expressive Communication (EC) were evaluated by a speech-language pathologist at 3 years of age using Preschool Language Scale. Results Eighty infants were studied. The mean GA and birth weight of infants were 29.2 weeks and 1336 g, respectively. There was association of worse ear I-V IPL and better ear I-V IPL with AC (Coefficient −5.4, 95% CI: −9.8 - −0.9 and Coefficient −5.5, 95% CI: −10 - −0.9, respectively) and EC (Coefficient −5.6, 95% CI: −9.5 - −1.8 and Coefficient −6.7, 95% CI: −10.6- −2.7, respectively) after controlling for confounders. Conclusion The neonatal I-V IPL is a predictor of language development at 3 years of age in preterms.

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Delay in Maturation of the Auditory Pathway and its Relationship to Language Acquisition Disorders

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Hyperbilirubinemia and Language Delay in Premature Infants

Hyperbilirubinemia and Language Delay in Premature Infants

The Electrically Evoked Auditory Change Complex: Preliminary Results from Nucleus Cochlear Implant Users

Auditory neural myelination is associated with early childhood language development in premature infants

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