Delay in disclosure of non-parental child sexual abuse in the context of emotional and physical maltreatment: A pilot study

Tashjian, Sarah M.; Goldfarb, Deborah; Goodman, Gail S.; Quas, Jodi A.; Edelstein, Robin S.

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.06.020

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In these adult samples, participants have described that as children they were afraid of revenge or of being punished or blamed for what had happened (e.g., Anderson, Martin, Mullen, Romans, & Herbison, 1993;Browne & Finkelhor, 1986;Conte & Berliner, 1988;Herman & Hirschman, 1981;Palmer et al, 1999;Wyatt & Newcomb, 1990). A recent pilot study by Tashjian, Goldfarb, Goodman, Quas, and Edelstein (2016) showed that having also experienced emotional or physical abuse by a parental figure may delay the disclosure.…”

Section: Retrospective Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of the present study was to contribute to the scientific literature on CSA disclosure by exploring the disclosure rates and factors associated with disclosure in a large population-based sample of children (the Finnish Child Victim Survey). The focus was specifically on factors associated with disclosing CSA to adults (parents and/or authorities), since adults tend to serve as intermediaries regulating the access to getting help and initiating investigation processes (Tashjian et al, 2016). Examining disclosure as a part of the national Victim Survey enabled us to consider also the widely ignored theme of experiencing violence at home and how it might influence disclosing CSA to adults (Tashjian et al, 2016).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The focus was specifically on factors associated with disclosing CSA to adults (parents and/or authorities), since adults tend to serve as intermediaries regulating the access to getting help and initiating investigation processes (Tashjian et al, 2016). Examining disclosure as a part of the national Victim Survey enabled us to consider also the widely ignored theme of experiencing violence at home and how it might influence disclosing CSA to adults (Tashjian et al, 2016). It was expected that the disclosure rate would be similar to the rates discovered in other representative studies exploring CSA experiences with samples of adolescents or young adults (Helweg-Larsen & Larsen, 2006;Kogan, 2004;Priebe & Svedin, 2008;Fergusson et al, 1996).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Children’s disclosures of sexual abuse in a population-based sample

Lahtinen

Laitila

Korkman

et al. 2018

Child Abuse & Neglect

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Most previous studies on disclosing child sexual abuse (CSA) have either been retrospective or focused on children who already have disclosed. The present study aimed to explore the overall CSA disclosure rate and factors associated with disclosing to adults in a large population-based sample. A representative sample of 11,364 sixth and ninth graders participated in the Finnish Child Victim Survey concerning experiences of violence, including CSA. CSA was defined as having sexual experiences with a person at least five years older at the time of the experience. Within this sample, the CSA prevalence was 2.4%. Children reporting CSA experiences also answered questions regarding disclosure, the disclosure recipient, and potential reasons for not disclosing. The results indicate that most of the children (80%) had disclosed to someone, usually a friend (48%). However, only 26% had disclosed to adults, and even fewer had reported their experiences to authorities (12%). The most common reason for non-disclosing was that the experience was not considered serious enough for reporting (41%), and half of the children having CSA experiences did not self-label their experiences as sexual abuse. Relatively few children reported lacking the courage to disclose (14%). Logistic regression analyses showed that the perpetrator's age, the age of the victim at the time of abuse, and having no experiences of emotional abuse by the mother were associated with disclosing to an adult. The results contribute to understanding the factors underlying children's disclosure patterns in a population-based sample and highlight the need for age-appropriate safety education for children and adolescents.

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Section: Retrospective Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Children’s disclosures of sexual abuse in a population-based sample

Lahtinen

Laitila

Korkman

et al. 2018

Child Abuse & Neglect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It has also been shown that traumatic childhood events, such as the abuse and ignorement of physical, emotional, and sexual could affect the EF during early adulthood (De Prince et al, 2009;Wamser-Nanney and Sager, 2018;Tashjian et al, 2016). Individuals who have experienced maltreatment might have behavioral problems, decreased cortical brain volumes, and deficits in decision-making ability and cognitive performance (Cowell et al, 2015;Hanson et al, 2015;Polderman et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, life events, and executive function among college students in China

Wang

2018

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adverse childhood experiences and life events on the inhibitory control ability, cognitive flexibility, and working memory of college students. Methods: The study involved testing the participants using the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Questionnaire, the Adolescent Life Events Scale (Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist, ASLEC), and the program of executive functions designed by E-prime software. Results: The incidence rate of ACEs was 44.8%. ACEs, life events, and inhibition ability were found to have a significant correlation (r1 = 0.50, r1 = 0.47, p < 0.01). In the switching task, the reaction time of the ACEs group was longer than the reaction time of the non-ACEs group (t = − 2.55, p < 0.05). Low scorers in the ASLEC exhibited lesser reaction times than their high-scoring counterparts in the tasks related to inhibition, switching, and working memory experiments. The regression analysis results showed that ACEs and life events had a possibility rate of 56% in predicting inhibition ability. Conclusions: The incidence of ACEs was found to be high, and cognitive flexibility is significantly influenced by ACEs. Life events have a significant impact on inhibition ability, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. ACEs and life events were found to be reliable predictors of inhibition ability.

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“…ÇCÝ durumunda çoðunlukla somut kanýtlarýn býrakýlmamasý ve cinsel eylemlerin gizli doðasý nedeniyle bu istismarý açýða çýkarmanýn yükü çocuklara býrakýlmaktadýr (17). Alaggia (10), çocuklarýn cinsel istismarý açýklama yollarýna iliþkin yaptýðý araþtýrmanýn bulgularý ile diðer araþtýrma bulgularýný bütünleþtirerek dört kategori taným-lamýþtýr.…”

Section: çOcuðun Cinsel ýStismarý Açýklama Yollarýunclassified

The first interview with child ahead of reporting suspected child sexual abuse

Gümüş¹

2017

J Clin Psy

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SUMMARYChild's disclosures have critical value in child sexual abuse reporting. However, literature show that it is not realistic to expect the abused child to disclosure what s/he experienced easily. Accordingly, it is very important to have professionals who can provide help to get child's purposeful disclosure. In this study, in order to get enough information of the suspected child sexual abuse, depicting the basics of the first interview; therefore providing a written reference appeal for the personnel concerning the issue was aimed. To assure this aim, the studies concerning the child sexual abuse disclosures and interview protocols formed for similar reasons were examined.In this study, a three staged interview schema was taken as a base and an interview plan was formed with regard to samples of possible response sample scenarios. The preparation stage in which establishing a secure relationship with the child is a priority, consists of a general relaxing conversation, informing and describing the guidelines of the interview. The facilitation stage in which child's spontaneous disclosure was supported, includes the use of responses such as encouraging, genuineness, explaining the boundaries of confidentiality, minimal encouragers to talking, free-recall prompt, empathetic response, ability of sustaining silence, asking questions with an aim, paying attention to implied explanations and confirming explanation behavior. The termination stage in which the convenience of ending the interview was checked, involves learning child's feelings about his/her disclosure, checking child's security, answering his/her questions, encouraging him to take control and preparation of written form of the interview.Key Words: Child sexual abuse, disclosure, interview process. ÖZETÇocuk cinsel istismarýnýn bildiriminde çocuklarýn açýkla-malarý kritik deðerdedir. Ancak alan yazýn cinsel istismar maðduru çocuklarýn yaþadýklarýný kolayca açýklamalarýný beklemenin gerçekçi olmadýðýný göstermektedir. Bu yüz-den çocuklarýn istemli açýklama yapmalarýný saðlayabile-cek meslek elemanlarýnýn varlýðý çok önemlidir. Bu çalýþ-mada çocuk cinsel istismar þüphesinin bildirimine dayanak oluþturmaya yetecek bilgilerin alýndýðý ilk görüþ-menin genel çerçevesini tanýmlamak ve böylece ilgili meslek elemanlarýnýn baþvurabileceði yazýlý bir kaynak oluþturmak amaçlanmýþtýr. Bunun için çocuðun cinsel istismarý açýklamasýyla ilgili araþtýrmalar ve benzer amaçla oluþturulmuþ görüþme protokolleri incelenmiþtir.Bu çalýþmada üç aþamalý bir görüþme þemasý temel alýn-mýþ ve olasý senaryo örnekleriyle görüþme planý oluþtu-rulmuþtur. Çocukla güven iliþkisinin oluþturulmasýnýn öncelikli olduðu görüþmeye hazýrlýk aþamasý; rahatlatýcý genel bir konuþmayý, bilgi vermeyi ve görüþme kurallarýný tanýmlamayý içermektedir. Çocuðun spontan anlatýmýnýn desteklendiði açýklamayý kolaylaþtýrma aþamasýnda; cesaretlendirme, içtenlik, gizliliðin sýnýrlarýný açýklama, konuþmaya açýk davet, asgari teþvik, empatik tepki, sessizlik becerisi, amacý belli sorular sorma, dolaylý anla...

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Delay in disclosure of non-parental child sexual abuse in the context of emotional and physical maltreatment: A pilot study

Cited by 32 publications

References 51 publications

Children’s disclosures of sexual abuse in a population-based sample

Children’s disclosures of sexual abuse in a population-based sample

A study of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, life events, and executive function among college students in China

The first interview with child ahead of reporting suspected child sexual abuse

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