Delay-constrained high throughput protocol for multi-path transmission over wireless multimedia sensor networks

Abstract

Real-time multimedia transport has stringent QoS requirements, such as bandwidth, delay, jitter, and loss ratio. Wireless sensor networks are useful for streaming multimedia data in infrastructure-free and hazardous environments. However, these networks are composed of nodes with constrained bandwidth and energy. In QoS routing for wired networks, multipath routing is widely used. Some existing ad hoc routing algorithms also provide multipath routing. Directed diffusion has been commonly used for wireless sensor networks because of its energy efficiency and scalability. However, the basic protocol only routes packets through a single path, which barely meets the throughput requirement of multimedia data. Instead, we propose a multipath algorithm based on directed diffusion that reinforces multiple routes with high link quality and low latency. We use the NS-2 simulation tool with video trace generated by Multiple Description Coding (MDC) to evaluate the performance. The results show that our algorithm gives better throughput and delay performance than standard directed diffusion.978-1-4244-2100-8/08/$25.00 ©2008 IEEE

A QoS Routing Protocol Based on ACO in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network

“…Update rules combines the essence of the ant system (elitist strategy for ant system, EAS) pheromone updating ideas, namely the improved algorithm from the start so far to find the optimal path pheromones, which makes the algorithm quickly focused on the near optimal solution searching. The pheromone formula for updates as follows [9]:…”

Wireless multimedia sensor networks, security and key management

“…Modifications on, Direct Diffusion, the routing protocol for WSN are done in [33] to support multipath routing for WMSN based on link quality and latency metrics.…”

“…Each description alone provides acceptable low quality version of the original and combining all descriptions together gives higher resolution. This technique can be used in conjunction with multi path transport approach to achieve load balancing and meet the available bandwidth as shown in [33] and [32].…”

“…A routing protocol, DHCT [33], is proposed for WMSNs to support multipath routing and to reduce interferences between close paths by using a performance metric (called Costp), which is product of expected transmission count and the delay. Using…”

“…In this subsection, we compare performance evaluation results (average) of CMRP with DHCT [124], MCRA [119], and EDGE [125] protocols. We consider in this comparison four important performance metrics: throughput, end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, and power consumption:…”