Deicing Concrete Pavements and Roads with Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) as Heating Elements

Kim, Hee Su; Ban, Hoki; Park, Won-Jun

doi:10.3390/ma13112504

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The factors were ranked from 1 to 12, and the potential countermeasures for each factor were examined. The following were evaluated as potential countermeasures: early warning [ 15 ], road heating [ 44 ], sharp curve sign [ 45 ], slope sign [ 45 ], route adjustment [ 46 ], traffic velocity management [ 17 , 47 , 48 ], and curvature sign [ 45 ]. Among these, the measure with the highest frequency and proportion was early warning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting black ice-related accidents with probabilistic modeling using GIS-based Monte Carlo simulation

Hong,

Yun

2024

PLoS ONE

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Black ice, a phenomenon that occurs abruptly owing to freezing rain, is difficult for drivers to identify because it mirrors the color of the road. Effectively managing the occurrence of unforeseen accidents caused by black ice requires predicting their probability using spatial, weather, and traffic factors and formulating appropriate countermeasures. Among these factors, weather and traffic exhibit the highest levels of uncertainty. To address these uncertainties, a study was conducted using a Monte Carlo simulation based on random values to predict the probability of black ice accidents at individual road points and analyze their trigger factors. We numerically modeled black ice accidents and visualized the simulation results in a geographical information system (GIS) by employing a sensitivity analysis, another feature of Monte Carlo simulations, to analyze the factors that trigger black ice accidents. The Monte Carlo simulation allowed us to map black ice accident occurrences at each road point on the GIS. The average black ice accident probability was found to be 0.0058, with a standard deviation of 0.001. Sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulations identified wind speed, air temperature, and angle as significant triggers of black ice accidents, with sensitivities of 0.354, 0.270, and 0.203, respectively. We predicted the probability of black ice accidents per road section and analyzed the primary triggers of black ice accidents. The scientific contribution of this study lies in the development of a method beyond simple road temperature predictions for evaluating the risk of black ice occurrences and subsequent accidents. By employing Monte Carlo simulations, the probability of black ice accidents can be predicted more accurately through decoupling meteorological and traffic factors over time. The results can serve as a reference for government agencies, including road traffic authorities, to identify accident-prone spots and devise strategies focused on the primary triggers of black ice accidents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting black ice-related accidents with probabilistic modeling using GIS-based Monte Carlo simulation

Hong,

Yun

2024

PLoS ONE

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“…Ke et al [15] studied the influences of burying distance, depth of cables, input current, ambient temperature, and covering material on the heating effect. Kim et al [16] studied the effect of cable arrangement and the external environment on snow and ice melting. Qian et al [17] analyzed the heat transfer process between concrete pavement, snow, and the ice melting system with the arrangement of CFHCs and verified the correctness of the model and calculation method by using the ANSYS thermal analysis module.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Carbon-Fiber Heating Cables in Snow and Ice Melting Applications

Zhang¹,

Zhang²,

Xiao³

et al. 2023

Fluid Dynamics &Amp; Materials Processing

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The use of carbon-fiber heating cables (CFHC) to achieve effective melting of snow and ice deposited on roads is a method used worldwide. In this study, tensile and compressive tests have been conducted to analyze the mechanical properties of the CFHC and assess whether the maximum tensile and compressive strengths can meet the pavement design specifications. In order to study the aging produced by multiple cycles of heating and cooling, in particular, the CFHC was repeatedly heated in a cold chamber with an ambient temperature ranging between −20°C and +40°C. Moreover, to evaluate how the strength of the pavement is affected by its presence, the CFHC was embedded at different depths and concrete blocks with different curing ages were subjected to relevant compression and splitting tensile tests. Numerical simulations based on the ANSYS software have also been performed and compared with the outcomes of the static loading tests. The results show that the CFHC embedded in the concrete does not affect the compressive splitting tensile strengths of the pavement. Overall, the CFHC meets the conditions required for continued use in road ice melting applications.

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“…At present, deicing technologies include conductive concrete [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], circulating heating systems [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], electric cable heating [ 7 ], solar energy [ 8 ], geothermal systems [ 9 , 10 ], induction heating, microwave heating [ 11 ], etc. Compared with the above deicing technologies, self-ice-melting asphalt pavements with salt-storage additives have the advantages of relatively low cost and easy construction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Long-Term Performance and Deicing Longevity Prediction of Self-Ice-Melting Asphalt Pavement

Zhang

Guo

2022

Materials

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Based on laboratory tests, the objective of this study is to assess long-term road performance and to predict deicing longevity of self-ice-melting asphalt pavements containing salt-storage materials. Dry–wet cycles and freeze–thaw cycles were used to treat the specimens at different durations. The long-term road performance of self-ice-melting asphalt mixtures was evaluated by freeze–thaw splitting tests, high-temperature rutting tests, and low-temperature beam bending tests. In addition, the influences of coefficients of void ratio, temperature, vehicle load, crack, and Mafilon (MFL) content on salt precipitation were quantified by conductivity tests, and single consumption of snow and ice melt was quantified by total dissolved solids (TDS) tests. The results show that the long-term water stability, long-term high-temperature stability, and long-term low-temperature crack resistance of self-ice-melting asphalt pavements tended to decrease as the number of dry–wet cycles and freeze–thaw cycles increased. Freeze–thaw cycles exerted deeper influences on the deterioration of road performance than dry–wet cycles, especially on water stability. With increased void ratio and temperature, salt precipitation was accelerated by 1.1 times and 1.5~1.8 times, respectively. Under vehicle loads and cracks, salt precipitation was accelerated by 1.5 times and 1.65 times, respectively. With decreased MFL content, salt precipitation slowed down by 0.54 times. Finally, based on the proportion of each factor relative to the whole life cycle of the pavement, a dicing longevity prediction model was established considering the above factors.

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Deicing Concrete Pavements and Roads with Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) as Heating Elements

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Predicting black ice-related accidents with probabilistic modeling using GIS-based Monte Carlo simulation

Predicting black ice-related accidents with probabilistic modeling using GIS-based Monte Carlo simulation

Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Carbon-Fiber Heating Cables in Snow and Ice Melting Applications

Investigation of Long-Term Performance and Deicing Longevity Prediction of Self-Ice-Melting Asphalt Pavement

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