Dehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene

Abstract

The sections in this article are Introduction Thermodynamics By‐Products Effects of Diluents, Especially Steam Catalysts Development of EDBH Catalysts Role of Potassium Dehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene on Well‐Defined Iron Oxide Model Catalysts Deactivation of K  Fe Catalysts Promoters of K  Fe Catalysts Kinetics Application of Membrane Reactors Dehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene‐Related Hydrocarbons Alternative Routes for the Production of Styrene Industrial Processes and Commercial Catalysts Adiabatic EBDH Isothermal EBDH SMART EBDH Process

Oxygen Vacancy-Controlled Reactivity of Hydroxyls on an FeO(111) Monolayer Film

“…Surface science studies of model systems for oxides, particularly well-defined oxide thin films, have been proven to be an effective approach. − The effect of F centers on the physical chemistry and reactivity of MgO surface has been comprehensively investigated and understood employing MgO(001) thin films as model systems. − The influence of oxygen vacancies on the physical chemistry and reactivity of reducible oxides such as TiO 2 and CeO 2 has also been extensively studied employing corresponding oxide single crystals and single crystal thin films. − F centers and oxygen vacancies on oxide surfaces are easily hydroxylated to form surface hydroxyls. Depending on the nature of metal oxides, surface hydroxyls can serve either as the Brönsted acid sites or as the Brönsted base sites, can result in the delocalization of electrons at metal oxide surfaces, , can drive the surface reconstruction of metal oxide surfaces, − and can affect the dispersion and aggregation of the supported metal component. − Surface hydroxyls on metal oxides exclusively in the form of H bonded to surface lattice oxygen anion (herein defined as lattice surface hydroxyls) are also key surface intermediates in several important heterogeneous catalytic reactions including H 2 oxidation, methanol synthesis, dehydrogenation reaction, water gas shift reaction (WGS), and preferential oxidation of CO in H 2 (PROX). − Therefore, it is of great importance to fundamentally understand the reactivity of lattice surface hydroxyls on metal oxides. The reactivity of hydroxyls on RuO 2 (110)/Ru(0001) − and ZnO(101̅0) − model surfaces have been quite well understood.…”

In situ growth of phosphorus-doped boron nitride on commercial alumina as a robust catalyst for direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene

“…Here, it should be claimed that although the x EB is high, but it is reasonable. According to the literature, 37 the equilibrium x EB could reach 83% when the ethylbenzene partial pressure is 10 kPa at 600 °C, and the equilibrium x EB could be higher by further reducing the partial pressure (2.86 kPa in this paper). Comparatively, the activity and stability of the PBN@Al 2 O 3 (N) catalyst were more satisfactory with a higher ethylbenzene conversion, styrene selectivity and stability over the same quality of catalysts (estimated by ICP and XPS, Tables S1 and S2†).…”

Hydrogen Production from Methane Steam Reforming in Combustion Heat Assisted Novel Microchannel Reactor with Catalytic Stacking

“…Steam reforming is a well-known technology operated industrially on a large scale for hydrogen production, and several detailed reviews of this technology have been published. − Below are the reactions that occur during this process, namely the reforming, water–gas shift (WGS), and methanation (MTN) reactions: CH 4 + normalH 2 normalO ↔ CO + 3 normalH 2 , goodbreak0em1em⁣ normalΔ italicH = 205.8 nobreak0em0.25em⁡ kJ/mol nobreak0em0.25em⁡ ( MSR / MTN ) CO + normalH 2 normalO ↔ CO 2 + normalH 2 , goodbreak0em1em⁣ normalΔ italicH = prefix− 41.2 nobreak0em0.25em⁡ kJ/mol nobreak0em0.25em⁡ ( WGS / RWGS ) CH 4 + 2 normalH 2 normalO ↔ CO 2 + 4 normalH 2 , goodbreak0em1em⁣ normalΔ italicH = 164.6 nobreak0em0.25em⁡ kJ/mol nobreak0em0.25em⁡ ( MSR , sum of ⁡ false( 1 false) + false( 2 false) ) …”