Dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation combined with Weight-Loading Whole-Body Vibration Training (WWBV) affects exercise performance and muscle glycogen storage in middle-aged C57BL/6 mice

Abstract

Background: Adequate nutritional intake and an optimal training program are important elements of any strategy to preserve or increase muscle mass and strength during aging.Purpose: In the current study, we investigate the effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), one of the most abundant circulating steroids in humans and a precursor hormone, supplementation combined with a weight-loading whole-body vibration (WWBV) on exercise performance, physical fatigue-related biochemical responses and testosterone content in middle-aged 9 months old C57BL/6 mice.Methods: Male middle-aged C57BL/6 mice were divided into 3 groups (n = 8 per group) and treated for 4 weeks with the following: 1) Sedentary control (SC) with vehicle 2) DHEA supplementation (DHEA, 10.2 mg/kg) and 3) DHEA supplementation with WWBV training (DHEA: 10.2 mg/kg; WBV: 5.6 Hz, 2 mm, 0.13 g). Exercise performance was evaluated by forelimb grip strength and time to exhaustion, as well as changes in body composition and anti-fatigue levels after a 15-min swimming exercise. Fatigue-related biochemical responses of serum lactate, ammonia, glucose, creatine kinase (CK), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured following the swimming exercise. In addition, the biochemical parameters and the testosterone levels were measured at the end of the experiment.Results: DHEA supplementation combined with WWBV training for 4 weeks significantly decreased the amount of white adipose tissue and increased the food and water intake. Additionally, WWBV+DHEA supplementation improved exercise performance, testosterone levels and glycogen contents of both liver and muscle. WWBV+DHEA supplementation also decreased serum lactate, ammonia and BUN levels, while increasing glucose levels following the 15-min swim test.Conclusion: Taken together, our results suggest that combining the WWBV training program with DHEA supplementation could provide an anti-fatigue pharmacological effect for elderly populations.

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“…Muscle fatigue after exercise can be evaluated by biochemical indicators including lactate, ammonia, glucose and CK levels [20]. Lactate is an oxidizable substrate in skeletal muscle and a precursor to gluconeogenesis in muscles or liver after exercise [21].…”

“…The source of bioactivity in EMW is thought to involve the presence of charge-stabilized nanostructures (CSNs), which by virtue of their size, charge, and stability affect constituents of the cell membrane [35, 36]. During exercise, increased lactate levels in exercising muscle and blood may trigger sensations of pain and discomfort, thus elevating perceptions of exertion [20, 37]. Ammonia is fatigue factor, whereby reduction of blood ammonia could prevent muscle catabolism and muscle damage [20].…”

“…During exercise, increased lactate levels in exercising muscle and blood may trigger sensations of pain and discomfort, thus elevating perceptions of exertion [20, 37]. Ammonia is fatigue factor, whereby reduction of blood ammonia could prevent muscle catabolism and muscle damage [20]. Glucose is the main energy source during exercise and the glucose amount in the serum, liver, or muscle can greatly affect the body's exercise fatigue resistance [38].…”

Electronic cigarette exposure reduces exercise performance and changes the biochemical profile of female mice

“…The stored form of glucose is glycogen, which exists mostly in liver and muscle tissue. Liver and muscle tissues were excised after the mice were sacrificed and weighed for glycogen content analysis as we described previously [17,18]. The weights of the related visceral organs were recorded.…”

“…Furthermore, EC and smokeless tobacco have deleterious effects on human health, including exercise performance. Therefore, we conducted this study to evaluate the exercise performance and health-related profiles of EC treatment using our previously established in vivo platform [16,17]. Few reports have addressed the effect of EC intervention on exercise performance and health-related biochemical index.…”