Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfotransferase Localization in Human Adrenal Glands: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study*

Kennerson, Alan R.; McDonald, D.; Adams, J.B.

doi:10.1210/jcem-56-4-786

Cited by 50 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The human steroid sulfotransferase enzyme is highly expressed in both the adrenal and liver (7,26,27). To determine whether SULT2A1 gene expression correlated to SF1 (NR5A1) expression, we quantified both SF1, and as a comparison, its liver homolog LRH (liver receptor homolog, NR5A2) in adrenal and liver tissues.…”

Section: The Human Adrenal Expresses High Levels Of Sult2a1 and Sf1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Circulating levels of DHEA-S are likewise very high in the adult adrenal due to both the high production rate and the relatively low clearance rate from the blood (6). SULT2A1 has been localized by immunohistochemistry to the dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-producing zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex where it catalyzes the conversion of DHEA to its sulfated form (7,8). Although the enzymatic activity of SULT2A1 has been studied in some detail, little is known about the regulation of human SULT2A1 expression in any tissue.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Steroid Sulfotransferase 2A1 Gene Transcription Is Regulated by Steroidogenic Factor 1 and GATA-6 in the Human Adrenal

Saner

Suzuki

Sasano

et al. 2005

Molecular Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sulfonation is a phase II conjugation reaction responsible for the biotransformation of many compounds including steroids, bile acids, and drugs. Humans are presently known to express at least five cytosolic sulfotransferase (SULT) enzymes, of which only two are hydroxysteroid SULT, SULT2A1, commonly known as steroid sulfotransferase, and the cholesterol sulfotransferase SULT2B1. SULT2A1 is highly expressed in the adrenal where it is responsible for the sulfation of hydroxysteroids including conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone to dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and in the liver where it is responsible for sulfation of bile acids and circulating hydroxysteroids. Little is known concerning the transcriptional regulation of human SULT2A1 in adrenal. Herein we demonstrate the role of two transcription factors, steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) and GATA-6, in the regulation of SULT2A1 transcription. These transcription factors were quantified by real-time RT-PCR in normal human adrenal tissue. Transient transfection assays with deleted and mutated SULT2A1 promoter constructs allowed for the determination of specific SF1 and GATA binding cis-regulatory elements necessary for transactivation of SULT2A1 promoter, and binding was confirmed by EMSA analysis. Both SF1 and GATA-6 were positive regulators of SULT2A1 promoter constructs. These data support the hypothesis that adrenal SULT2A1 expression is regulated by SF1 and GATA-6.

show abstract

Section: The Human Adrenal Expresses High Levels Of Sult2a1 and Sf1mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid Sulfotransferase 2A1 Gene Transcription Is Regulated by Steroidogenic Factor 1 and GATA-6 in the Human Adrenal

Saner

Suzuki

Sasano

et al. 2005

Molecular Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As a corollary, in the human adult adrenal, immunoreactivity is confined to the zona reticularis (163). Interestingly, HST immunoreactivity is demonstrated in 100% of functional (exclusive of aldosteronomas) benign tumors, nonfunctional tumors, and carcinomas of the human adrenal gland (164).…”

Section: Tissue Distribution and Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid sulfotransferases

Strott¹

1996

Endocrine Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…There are a variety of other differences between ZF and ZR cells. DHEA sulfotransferase is expressed at a higher level in ZR cells (Kennerson et al 1983, Parker 1997. MHC class II gene expression also differs between the zones (Marx et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of α-enolase as a nuclear DNA-binding protein in the zona fasciculata but not the zona reticularis of the human adrenal cortex

Wang

Endoh

et al. 2005

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to establish whether there are differences in DNA-binding proteins between zona fasciculata (ZF) and zona reticularis (ZR) cells of the human adrenal cortex, we prepared nuclear extracts from separated ZF and ZR cells. The formation of DNA-protein complexes was studied using an element in the first intron of the type I and type II 3 -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase genes (HSD3B1 and HSD3B2). Using the element in the HSD3B2 gene as a probe, a complex (C1) was formed with extracts from ZF cells but was formed only at a low level with ZR cell extracts. Another pair of complexes (C2/C3) was formed with both ZF and ZR cell extracts. The ZF-specific protein forming C1 was enriched by column chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose and carboxymethylSepharose. Oligonucleotide competition analysis on the enriched fraction gave results consistent with those obtained on the unfractionated material. A further enrichment was brought about by passing the protein over an oligonucleotide affinity column based on the HSD3B2 element. The protein bound to the column was identified as -enolase by mass spectrometry. Although -enolase is a glycolytic enzyme, it binds to specific DNA sequences and has been found to be present in nuclei of various cell types. We performed immunohistochemistry on sections of adult human adrenal cortex and found -enolase to be located in nuclei of ZF cells but to be predominantly cytoplasmic in ZR cells. Transfection of an -enolase expression vector into NCI-H295R human adrenocortical cells increased HSD3B2 promoter activity, suggesting a possible functional role for this protein in regulation of HSD3B2 expression.

show abstract

Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfotransferase Localization in Human Adrenal Glands: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study*

Cited by 50 publications

References 8 publications

Steroid Sulfotransferase 2A1 Gene Transcription Is Regulated by Steroidogenic Factor 1 and GATA-6 in the Human Adrenal

Steroid Sulfotransferase 2A1 Gene Transcription Is Regulated by Steroidogenic Factor 1 and GATA-6 in the Human Adrenal

Steroid sulfotransferases

Identification of α-enolase as a nuclear DNA-binding protein in the zona fasciculata but not the zona reticularis of the human adrenal cortex

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About