Dehydration/hydration of granular beds for thermal storage applications: A combined NMR and temperature study

Donkers, Paj Pim; Pel, Leo L; Adan, Ocg Olaf

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.10.041

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We are studying anhydrous, hydrated, and solvated salts of the icosahedral superweak anion B 12 F 12 2– (hereinafter Z 2– ). − Our interests are multifold: (i) structural changes that occur upon reversible solid-state hydration/dehydration or solvation/desolvation in the presence/absence of solvent vapor can serve as models for the solid-state diffusion of gaseous reactants and products in lattices; − (ii) thermodynamic and kinetic studies of metal salt hydration/dehydration may help to improve the efficacy of metal salt hydrate pairs used for the storage of low potential heat from solar energy (there are many thermodynamic studies but very few kinetic dehydration/rehydration studies and none at temperatures ≤32 °C); − (iii) the structures of salt hydrates can serve as models for the hydration of metal ions or metal cation–anion inner-sphere ion pairs in solution − or in extended solids such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and zeolites; − (iv) current interest in the superconductivity in hydrated Na x CoO 2 , superionic conductivity in anhydrous Na 2 B 12 H 12 , , Li + ion conductivity in hydrated Li 0.5 FeOCl, and the superior thermoelectric response of hydrated Na x RhO 2 ; (v) extensive dehydration/rehydration studies of pharmaceutical and antimicrobial hydrates. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent Porosity in Alkali-Metal M₂B₁₂F₁₂ Salts: Structures and Rapid Room-Temperature Hydration/Dehydration Cycles

et al. 2017

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Structures of the alkali-metal hydrates Li(HO)Z, LiK(HO)Z, Na(HO)Z, and Rb(HO)Z, unit cell parameters for RbZ and Rb(HO)Z, and the density functional theory (DFT)-optimized structures of KZ, K(HO)Z, RbZ, Rb(HO)Z, CsZ, and Cs(HO)Z are reported (Z = BF) and compared with previously reported X-ray structures of Na(HO)Z, K(HO)Z, and Cs(HO)Z. Unusually rapid room-temperature hydration/dehydration cycles of several MZ/M(HO)Z salt hydrate pairs, which were studied by isothermal gravimetry, are also reported. Finely ground samples of KZ, RbZ, and CsZ, which are not microporous, exhibited latent porosity by undergoing hydration at 24-25 °C in the presence of 18 Torr of HO(g) to K(HO)Z, Rb(HO)Z, and Cs(HO)Z in 18, 40, and 16 min, respectively. These hydrates were dehydrated at 24-25 °C in dry N to the original anhydrous MZ compounds in 61, 25, and 76 min, respectively (the exact times varied from sample to sample depending on the particle size). The hydrate Na(HO)Z also exhibited latent porosity by undergoing multiple 90 min cycles of hydration to Na(HO)Z and dehydration back to Na(HO)Z at 23 °C. For the KZ, RbZ, and CsZ transformations, the maximum rate of hydration (rh) decreased, and the absolute value of the maximum rate of dehydration (rd) increased, as T increased. For KZ ↔ K(HO)Z hydration/dehydration cycles with the same sample, the ratio rh/rd decreased 26 times over 8.6 °C, from 3.7 at 23.4 °C to 0.14 at 32.0 °C. For RbZ ↔ Rb(HO)Z cycles, rh/rd decreased from 0.88 at 23 °C to 0.23 at 27 °C. For CsZ ↔ Cs(HO)Z cycles, rh/rd decreased 20 times over 8 °C, from 6.7 at 24 °C to 0.34 at 32 °C. In addition, the reversible substitution of DO for HO in fully hydrated Rb(HO)Z in the presence of N/16 Torr of DO(g) was complete in only 60 min at 23 °C.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent Porosity in Alkali-Metal M₂B₁₂F₁₂ Salts: Structures and Rapid Room-Temperature Hydration/Dehydration Cycles

et al. 2017

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“…Other non-destructive measurement methods are therefore preferred when measuring moisture content [15], such as neutron imaging [16,17], which, however, requires a neutron source. Another powerful technique is nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which has been widely applied to study moisture transport in a variety of porous materials, such as granular beds [18], fluidized bed dryers [19], building materials [20], and also wood [21,22]. Most NMR studies focus on isothermal moisture transport; performing non-isothermal measurements on porous materials requires a specialized setup, able to withstand high temperatures and equipped with a Faraday shield to allow quantitative measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture transport in pine wood during one-sided heating studied by NMR

Arends

Barakat

Pel

2018

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

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Investigation into the Hydration Behavior of K2CO3 Packed Beds: An NMR Study

Raemaekers

Donkers²,

Huinink

2023

Transp Porous Med

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K2CO3 is seen as a promising heat storage material, available for applications in the domestic sector. For practical purposes, the material is hereby often employed in a packed bed containing millimeter-sized particles. To gain more insight into the hydration behavior of these packed beds, quantitative NMR measurements, capable of following the in-situ hydration behavior, are presented for the first time. It is found that hydration behavior varies significantly, depending on the specific hydration conditions that are chosen. At low airflows hydration is found to proceed via a hydration front, while higher airflows cause the hydration front to widen. Since an increase in flow rate coincided with an increase in the supplied water vapor, hydration is eventually found to proceed in a uniform manner. A comparison between TGA and NMR measurements shows that the overall packed bed hydration kinetics hereby transition to the reaction kinetics of single K2CO3 particles. Graphical Abstract

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Dehydration/hydration of granular beds for thermal storage applications: A combined NMR and temperature study

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Latent Porosity in Alkali-Metal M₂B₁₂F₁₂ Salts: Structures and Rapid Room-Temperature Hydration/Dehydration Cycles

Latent Porosity in Alkali-Metal M₂B₁₂F₁₂ Salts: Structures and Rapid Room-Temperature Hydration/Dehydration Cycles

Moisture transport in pine wood during one-sided heating studied by NMR

Investigation into the Hydration Behavior of K2CO3 Packed Beds: An NMR Study

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Dehydration/hydration of granular beds for thermal storage applications: A combined NMR and temperature study

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Latent Porosity in Alkali-Metal M2B12F12 Salts: Structures and Rapid Room-Temperature Hydration/Dehydration Cycles

Latent Porosity in Alkali-Metal M2B12F12 Salts: Structures and Rapid Room-Temperature Hydration/Dehydration Cycles

Moisture transport in pine wood during one-sided heating studied by NMR

Investigation into the Hydration Behavior of K2CO3 Packed Beds: An NMR Study

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Latent Porosity in Alkali-Metal M₂B₁₂F₁₂ Salts: Structures and Rapid Room-Temperature Hydration/Dehydration Cycles

Latent Porosity in Alkali-Metal M₂B₁₂F₁₂ Salts: Structures and Rapid Room-Temperature Hydration/Dehydration Cycles