Dehydrating agent effect on the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) directly from methanol and carbon dioxide

Faria, Douglas; Santos, Leonardo Moreira dos; Bernard, Franciele L.; Pinto, Ingrid Selbacch; Resende, Maria Angélica Carmona da Motta; Einloft, Sandra

doi:10.1039/d0ra06034h

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The DMC selectivity (%) was estimated from the amount of DMC formation to the amount of total liquid products except for the remaining methanol and water by product using Eq. (7) [76] :

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonically assisted surface modified CeO2 nanospindle catalysts for conversion of CO2 and methanol to DMC

Kulthananat

Kim-Lohsoontorn

Seeharaj

2022

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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“…The DMC selectivity (%) was estimated from the amount of DMC formation to the amount of total liquid products except for the remaining methanol and water by product using Eq. (7) [76] :

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonically assisted surface modified CeO2 nanospindle catalysts for conversion of CO2 and methanol to DMC

Kulthananat

Kim-Lohsoontorn

Seeharaj

2022

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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“…This reaction mechanism suggests that the nitrogen/oxygen atom in the ring and the electronic charge of the carbon atom in the cyano group are important fo the hydrolysis of cyano groups. Faria et al [38] proposed a dehydration system for DMC synthesis by applying CH3 as a promoter and CH3OK as a catalyst. Various dehydrating agents such as 2,2-dimethox ypropane (2,2-DMP), magnesium oxide, sodium sulfate, and butylene oxide were used along with molecular sieves.…”

Section: Use Of Dehydrating Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This helps to minimize the reverse reaction. The optimized conditions proposed were 2 g of molecular sieve combined in the gas phase with 10 mmo Faria et al [38] proposed a dehydration system for DMC synthesis by applying CH 3 I as a promoter and CH 3 OK as a catalyst. Various dehydrating agents such as 2,2dimethoxypropane (2,2-DMP), magnesium oxide, sodium sulfate, and butylene oxide were used along with molecular sieves.…”

Section: Use Of Dehydrating Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimethyl Carbonate: Review of Synthesis Routes and Catalysts Used

2022

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This review summarizes the performance of potential catalysts for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) using CO2 as a feedstock by two major processes—the direct route of carbonylation of alcohols and the indirect route of alcoholysis of urea. The reaction mechanisms and corresponding catalysts that were previously investigated are discussed. The major challenges associated with the conversion of CO2 to DMC are the low yields, low DMC selectivity, and thermodynamic limitations (alcohol carbonylation) of reversible reactions with low equilibrium constants. This occurs mainly due to the highly stable carbon dioxide molecules. The development of novel catalysts with high yields and high selectivity needs to be studied to overcome these technical challenges. In addition, to enhance the DMC yield, the use of dehydrating agents for water removal from the reaction mixture is recommended and discussed in detail in this article. This review critically examines the different catalysts used by investigators, along with their respective operating conditions and suitability in applications for the commercial synthesis of CO2-based DMC.

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“…Recently, another CH 3 I-promoted and CH 3 OK-catalyzed approach has been applied for DMC synthesis, whereby various dehydrating agents were used to improve the yield of DMC through removal of water formed in situ. However, a mere 43% yield of DMC was obtained at 80 • C and under 40 bar of CO 2 pressure [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

One-Pot, Metal-Free Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate from CO2 at Room Temperature

Khokarale

Bui

Mikkola

2020

Sustainable Chemistry

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Herein, we report on the metal-free, one-pot synthesis of industrially important dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from molecular CO2 under ambient conditions. In this process, initially the CO2 was chemisorbed through the formation of a switchable ionic liquid (SIL), [DBUH] [CH3CO3], by the interaction of CO2 with an equivalent mixture of organic superbase 1,8-diazabicyclo-[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene (DBU) and methanol. The obtained SIL further reacted with methyl iodide (CH3I) to form DMC. The synthesis was carried out in both dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and methanol. Methanol is preferred, as it not only served as a reagent and solvent in CO2 capture and DMC synthesis, but it also assisted in controlling the side reactions between chemical species such as CH3I and [DBUH]+ cation and increased the yield of DMC. Hence, the use of methanol avoided the loss of captured CO2 and favored the formation of DMC with high selectivity. Under the applied reaction conditions, 89% of the captured CO2 was converted to DMC. DBU was obtained, achieving 86% recovery of its salts formed during the synthesis. Most importantly, in this report we describe a simple and renewable solvent-based process for a metal-free approach to DMC synthesis under industrially feasible reaction conditions.

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Dehydrating agent effect on the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) directly from methanol and carbon dioxide

Abstract: DMC was obtained from methanol and carbon dioxide and a new reactor was proposed for water removal from reaction medium.

Cited by 24 publications

References 43 publications

Ultrasonically assisted surface modified CeO2 nanospindle catalysts for conversion of CO2 and methanol to DMC

Ultrasonically assisted surface modified CeO2 nanospindle catalysts for conversion of CO2 and methanol to DMC

Dimethyl Carbonate: Review of Synthesis Routes and Catalysts Used

One-Pot, Metal-Free Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate from CO2 at Room Temperature

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