Degumming of Eri silk by <i>Sapindus</i> (soapnut) extract and optimisation by response surface methodology

Patil, Harshal; Surve, Krupali; Athalye, Ashok

doi:10.1111/cote.12684

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The degumming loss using soft water at 140 °C and 30 min was 18.9%, which is beyond the range specified by researchers [29,30]. Degumming loss using the new eco-friendly process with soft water was higher than the control soap-soda method, enzyme method and hard water treatment even at 130 °C and 30 min duration.…”

Section: Degumming Loss Of Eco-friendly Degummingmentioning

confidence: 67%

Development of Eco-Friendly Method for Degumming of Eri Cocoons

Sreenivasa,

Padaki

2023

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In this study, a new eco-friendly degumming technique was developed for Eri cocoons without any chemicals. A newly developed eco-Eri degumming process was tried at 110 °C, 120 °C, 130 °C and 140 °C temperatures for 10, 20 and 30 min with soft and hard water. The novel eco-friendly degumming method was compared with the existing method of degumming viz. Soap-soda along with the enzymatic method. After degumming, weight loss per cent, changes in the fibre surface morphology concerning SEM imaging and fibre properties concerning tensile strength and elongation were studied. The eco-Eri degumming method at 130 °C for 30 min using soft water removed the maximum sericin content (degumming loss 15.7%) from Eri cocoon shells and had optimum degumming efficiency. In the eco-Eri degumming method, the degummed Eri cocoons were uniformly softened. The soap soda method of degumming resulted in 14.5% weight loss whereas enzymatic degumming resulted in a maximum of 13% weight loss (12% dosage). Enzymatic degumming significantly reduced the tensile strength but no results found in the tensile properties of Eri silk fibres were observed in new eco-friendly and soap-soda methods. SEM images indicated optimal fibre surface with the smoother surface until 130 °C, but fibre damage and fibrillation occurred at 140 °C and also with the Soap-soda method. An optimal condition for degumming Eri cocoons with the new eco-Eri degumming process is 130 °C for 30 min using soft water. The eco-Eri degumming method is better compared to other methods used presently in the industry.

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Section: Degumming Loss Of Eco-friendly Degummingmentioning

confidence: 67%

Development of Eco-Friendly Method for Degumming of Eri Cocoons

Sreenivasa,

Padaki

2023

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“…As described by Patil et al, Saponin was extracted by aqueous extraction with a minor modification [17]. The soapnut cap was manually detached and ground into a fine powder using an electric grinder and sieved by using a mesh of 100 microns.…”

Section: Saponin Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural surfactants are "eco-surfactants" because they are environmentally friendly, biodegradable, affordable, less toxic, and biocompatible [17]. Natural surfactants, also called saponins and humic compounds, can be derived from either plants or animals [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Enzymatic Desizing of Cotton with Bio-surfactant Extracted from Soapnut

Patil,

Athalye

2024

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Surfactant is one of the major consuming auxiliaries in textile processing. The rising demand for petroleum-based surfactants is in focus and it is tremendously utilized to fulfil the need for surfactants in textile industries. These petroleum-based surfactants are one of the major pollutants of textile wastewater. Many attempts have been made to replace this with low toxicity to make the process sustainable. The present investigation works on the same objective to replace the petroleum-based surfactant from desizing by using soapnut extract as a wetting agent. The process was optimised by using a modern statistical technique of Response Surface Methodology [RSM]. The initial designing was conducted using 10 g/l soapnut extract and 2% enzyme for 30 min at 75 °C and found satisfactory results. Additional desizing experiments were performed to optimize the process using RSM with weight loss as the primary outcome. An optimised desizing recipe provided by DOE numerical optimisation, viz., a concentration of 10 g/l soapnut extract and 2% enzyme at 75 °C for 40 min, was performed to validate. The findings demonstrate that optimum weight loss (6.58%) and desirable levels of absorbency (14 s), whiteness (73.52), yellowness (22.84 indices, bending length (2.1 cm), Flexural rigidity (98.13 mg.cm), while minimally affecting tensile strength (10.77). Enzymatic desizing with synthetic or soapnut-extracted wetting agents yields identical results and satisfies performance standards for industrial use. The Sustainable way of enzymatic desizing of cotton with bio-surfactant extracted from soapnut may be the green alternative to synthetic surfactant-based desizing.

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Sustainable scouring of cotton using extracts from wood ash and soapnut and its optimisation by response surface methodology

Patil,

Athalye

2024

Coloration Technology

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The non‐cellulosic impurities like oil, wax, and pectins present in the cotton fibre adversely impact wetting. Consequently, these impurities must be removed during the pretreatment process to prevent unevenness of subsequent coloration. Generally, an alkaline treatment with petroleum‐based synthetic surfactants is done, which is called scouring. This study attempts to develop an environmentally safe alternative using alkali from wood ash extract (WAE) and surfactant from soapnut extract (SE). The factors of WAE (10%–30%), SE (5–15 g/L), temperature (75–95°C), and time (20–60 min) were optimised using response surface methodology. A concentration of 20% WAE and 10 g/L SE at 90°C for 30 min was found to be adequate to remove impurities. The statistically optimised method showed good hydrophilicity, indicated by an average wetting time of 15 s, and 2.7% weight loss. The scoured fabric was subsequently dyed with natural dye extracted from marigold flowers and reactive dye. The scoured cotton was evaluated by weight loss, wettability, tensile strength, whiteness index, and colour value (K/S) and showed comparable results to conventional scouring.

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Degumming of Eri silk by Sapindus (soapnut) extract and optimisation by response surface methodology

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Development of Eco-Friendly Method for Degumming of Eri Cocoons

Development of Eco-Friendly Method for Degumming of Eri Cocoons

Sustainable Enzymatic Desizing of Cotton with Bio-surfactant Extracted from Soapnut

Sustainable scouring of cotton using extracts from wood ash and soapnut and its optimisation by response surface methodology

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