Degumming methods for bast fibers—A mini review

Lyu, Pei; Zhang, Yu; Wang, Xungai; Hurren, Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.114158

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…The diffraction peak of hemp stalk appears corresponding to the 110, 102, and 200 crystal face of cellulose, respectively. A low diffraction peak on the 110 crystal surface was the amorphous structure of acid-insoluble lignin, pectin, and protein . A sharp narrow peak of 200 crystal face presented as a typical crystal structure of cellulose type I .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A low diffraction peak on the 110 crystal surface was the amorphous structure of acidinsoluble lignin, pectin, and protein. 54 A sharp narrow peak of 200 crystal face presented as a typical crystal structure of cellulose type I. 55 As shown in Figure 7a−d, the peak of the hemp stalk at 22°corresponding to the 200 crystal face becomes strong and sharp.…”

Section: Crystallinity Of Hemp Stalkmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Eco-Friendly Preparation of Hydrophobic and Flexible Nanocellulose Fibers without Further Modification

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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These non-modified hydrophobic and lipophilic nanocellulose fibers (CNFs) are clean and efficient and prepared using alternating boiling of biological solutions (pectin lyase and chemical additives) and weak acid solution (i.e., sodium chlorite and acetic acid), which enrich the source of nanocellulose and reduce the environmental pollution caused by the preparation process. The prepared CNFs were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, cellulose component analysis, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray diffraction, contact angle (CA), rheological energy, toxicity, and volume distribution. The best yield of CNFs was 40.64%, with a low crystallinity of 58.57% and a high volume distribution of 14%. The CNFs are extracted by this alternate cooking with weak acid solution and biological solutions, which solves the low productivity and high pollution caused by traditional inorganic chemical acid, without solid acid pollution, and meets the requirements of material cleaning and finishing. The water CA and oil CA of CNFs were 110 and 13.7°, respectively. It indicated that the CNFs prepared by this method can be hydrophobic without further modification. The CNFs are non-toxic and have good cytocompatibility based on the toxicity test result. It has a great possibility for using in the field of medical materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crystallinity Of Hemp Stalkmentioning

confidence: 97%

Eco-Friendly Preparation of Hydrophobic and Flexible Nanocellulose Fibers without Further Modification

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…However, the SEM image of the scCO 2 pulped fiber shows that its surface was rough ( Figure 1 b). The outer layer of scCO 2 pulped fiber was cracked and disrupted, indicating that the extraction lignin, hemicellulose, and lignin from the surface of the WCCs using the scCO 2 [ 31 , 32 ]. The average length, width, and aspect ratio of the scCO 2 pulped fiber was found to be 85.60 ± 1.73 µm, 13.60 ± 1.91 µm, and 6, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peaks’ presence in WCCs spectra at a wavenumber of 1020 cm −1 and 1240 cm −1 represents the stretching vibration of C–O–C pyranose ring (antisymmetric in phase ring) and methoxyl-O-CH 3 , respectively. However, these peaks were not present in scCO 2 pulped fiber and CNCs spectra, indicating that lignin was removed during scCO 2 pulping [ 20 , 31 ]. Moreover, the peak at the wavenumber of 1720 cm −1 may be assigned to C=O bonds in carbonyl groups in hemicellulose and plane aromatic skeleton vibrations of lignin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosorption of Cr(VI) Using Cellulose Nanocrystals Isolated from the Waterless Pulping of Waste Cotton Cloths with Supercritical CO2: Isothermal, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics Studies

et al. 2022

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In the present study, supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) was utilized as a waterless pulping for the isolation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from waste cotton cloths (WCCs). The isolation of CNCs from the scCO2-treated WCCs’ fiber was carried out using sulphuric acid hydrolysis. The morphological and physicochemical properties analyses showed that the CNCs isolated from the WCCs had a rod-like structure, porous surface, were crystalline, and had a length of 100.03 ± 1.15 nm and a width of 7.92 ± 0.53 nm. Moreover, CNCs isolated from WCCs had a large specific surface area and a negative surface area with uniform nano-size particles. The CNCs isolated from WCCs were utilized as an adsorbent for the hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] removal from aqueous solution with varying parameters, such as treatment time, adsorbent doses, pH, and temperature. It was found that the CNCs isolated from the WCCs were a bio-sorbent for the Cr(VI) removal. The maximum Cr(VI) removal was determined to be 96.97% at pH 2, 1.5 g/L of adsorbent doses, the temperature of 60 °C, and the treatment time of 30 min. The adsorption behavior of CNCs for Cr(VI) removal was determined using isothermal, kinetics, and thermodynamics properties analyses. The findings of the present study revealed that CNCs isolated from the WCCs could be utilized as a bio-sorbent for Cr(VI) removal.

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“…that cannot be removed only by the physical effect of the spinning equipment. [7][8][9] Thus, a degumming process is necessary before the downstream application of these fibrilia fiber if products with excellent quality are desired. In the aspect of chemical components and fiber length, degumming methods could be divided into semidegumming for flax/hemp and degumming for ramie.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of single gummy component removal/retention on the physicochemical properties of fibrilia fiber and the reaction behavior of the other components in the degumming process

Meng

2023

Textile Research Journal

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Although many degumming methods for fibrilia fiber have been established, the reaction priority of the gums and the influence of single gummy component removal/retention on the fiber property and the reaction behavior of the other components remain unclear. This study analyzed the above issues by the observing the change of fiber in microbial-mechanical ‘enzyme peeling’ and gas phase ozone treatment. Results showed that pectin removal could increase the fiber density significantly (∼60.3%) but would not cause damage to the fiber tenacity. The 2.5–4.5% pectin in untreated fiber could strongly restrict the removal of lignin and hemicellulose. Lignin had less influence on fiber density than pectin. The detailed composition of hemicellulose had a significant effect on fiber tenacity: the retention of xylan and mannan caused damage and benefit, respectively, to fiber tenacity. After the removal of 90.0% pectin and 23.0% hemicellulose, a deep delignification rate (>70.0%) could be obtained. The delignification rate of 70.0–80.0% was beneficial for the density decreasing and tenacity increasing of the fiber, while a delignification rate over 80.0% would cause the collapse of the cellulose structure and thus damage the fiber property.

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Degumming methods for bast fibers—A mini review

Cited by 42 publications

References 135 publications

Eco-Friendly Preparation of Hydrophobic and Flexible Nanocellulose Fibers without Further Modification

Eco-Friendly Preparation of Hydrophobic and Flexible Nanocellulose Fibers without Further Modification

Biosorption of Cr(VI) Using Cellulose Nanocrystals Isolated from the Waterless Pulping of Waste Cotton Cloths with Supercritical CO2: Isothermal, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics Studies

Influence of single gummy component removal/retention on the physicochemical properties of fibrilia fiber and the reaction behavior of the other components in the degumming process

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